Cyclodextrin physical properties

Jozefaciuk, G. Muranyi, A. Fenyvesi, E. Effect of Randomly Methylated P-Cyclodextrin on Physical Properties of Soils. Environ. Sci. Technol 2003, 37, 3012-3017. 

A selected terpolymer (20 mg) of the current application was soaked with 0.06 ml of H2O overnight at ambient temperature and then treated with 3.0 ml of a saturated aqueous solution of either a- or 7-cyclodextrin. It was then sonified for 10 minutes and remained undisturbed for 2 days at ambient temperature. The precipitated product was collected by centrifugation and washed alternately with water and acetone and the product dried in a vacuum at 70°C for 2 weeks. Physical property testing results are provided in Table 3. 

TABLE 3. Physical Properties of Inclusion Complexes of a- or 7-Cyclodextrins with Poly ethylene oxide-6-[(R)-3-hydroxybutyrate] diol-t>-ethylene oxide Derivatives... 

Girardeau et al. [53] have described the chain dynamics of PEO within nanotubes of a-cyclodextrin using dueterated PEO (d-PEO) and 2H solid - state NMR spectroscopy. The chain dynamics were explored and compared with the respective unthreaded d-PEO. As these materials are continually proposed for applications in molecular-level devices [54,55] characterization of their molecular dynamics is important since they play a key role in governing bulk physical properties. 

Pharmaceutical applications of cyclodextrins have been studied the most extensively. The identified roles of cyclodextrins are primarily to increase solubility, stability, and the bio availability of drugs with limited water solubility, to reduce the side effects and toxicity of drugs, and to alter their physical properties such as smell and taste. There have been many excellent reviews on the pharmaceutical utilization of cyclo dextrin and its derivatives by Loftsson and Brewster [45],Rajewski and Stella [46], and Irie et al. [47]. 

In oral tablet formulations, P-cyclodextrin may be used in both wet-granulation and direct-compression processes. The physical properties of P-cyclodextrin vary depending on the manufacturer. However, P-cyclodextrin tends to possess poor... 

El Shaboury MH. Physical properties and dissolution profiles of tablets directly compressed with P-cyclodextrin. Int ] Pharm 1990 63 95-100. 

Methyl-3-CD is a permethylated 3-cyclodextrin derivative and has some unusual physical properties compared with 3-cyclodextrin. Methyl-3-CD is soluble not only in water but also in organic solvents. 

Amann M, Dressnandt G. Cyclodextrms in cosmetics. Cosmet Toilet 1993 108 90-95. Szejtli J. Industrial applications of cyclodextrins. In Atwood JL, Davies JE, MacNicoI DD, eds. Inclusion Compounds. Vol 3 Physical Properties and Applications. London Academic Press, 1984 331-390. 

Each guest molecule in a cyclodextrin inclusion complex is encapsulated by cyclodextiin. This molecular encq)Sulation can profoundly modify the chemical and physical properties of the guest molecules. Its potential applications have been shown in (1) stabilization of air- or light sensitive substances, (2) enhancement of water solubility, (3) suppression of unpleasant taste or odor and (4) improvement of bioavailability (2Q 2D primary interest focuses on... 

Physical Properties of BCD and GCD Complexes. A number of physical properties were taken into account in determining whetiier or not the aforementioned herbicides did indeed form true cyclodextrin inclusion compounds. 

Physical Properties and Stereochemistry of Sulphoxides.—Resolution of sulphox-ides, sulphinates, and thiolsulphinates via 5-cyclodextrin inclusion complexes is not efficient (<15%) with alkyl, aryl, or benzyl sulphoxides, but reaches 68% in the case of MeS(0)0Pr . Photoracemization of 1-naphthyl methyl sulphoxide in a cholesteric phase leads to less than 2% e.e. at equilibrium. ... 

In this chapter, we present the investigations of the major structural and physical properties of macrocyclic compounds in historical order. First, we compare the chemical and X-ray ciystal structures and the physical properties of the four key classes of compounds, cyclodextrins, crown ethers, calbc[n]arenes and cucurbit[n]urils, which have been dominant in the field of supramolecular chemistry. Other well-known and useful host molecules, and recently discovered compounds with great potential in the field of macrocyclic chemistry, are also described. Second, we discuss the desired properties of macrocyclic compounds, and the advantages of the novel macrocyclic compounds pillar[ ]arenes compared with the four key classes of compounds. 

Two reviews (in Japanese) have appeared on aspects of cyclodextin chemistry a) on structure, physical properties, toxicity, metabolism, entrapping characteristics and uses in the pharmaceutical and food industries, and on the construction of chemically modified cyclodextrins that recognize anions. ... 

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