Cycle configurations

There can be many different cycle configurations for the hybrid fuel cell/turbine plant. In the topping mode described above, the fuel cell serves as the combustor for the gas turbine, while the gas turbine is the balance of plant for the fuel cell, with some generation. In the bottoming mode, the fuel cell uses the gas turbine exhaust as air supply, while the gas turbine is the balance of plant. In indirect systems, high-temperature heat exchangers are used. 

There can be many different cycle configurations for the hybrid fuel cell/ turbine plant. In the topping mode described above, the fuel cell serves as the combustor for the gas turbine while the... 

The injection of water or steam in gas turbines has been known (Nicolin, C., A gas turbine with steam injection. Swedish Patent application No.8112/51, Stockholm, Sweden, 1951) as an efficient method for NO abatement and power boosting. Several cycle configurations are possible with respect to water/steam injection. Figure 4.36 is the schematic diagram of the Steam-injection gas turbine cycle. Air is compressed from state 1 to state 2. Water is pumped from state 7 to state 8. Steam at state 9 is generated in a recovery boiler (heat exchanger) from state 8 by the hot exhaust gas. Steam at state 8... 

Figure 8.3 plots the efficiency versus pressure ratio at three turbine inlet temperatures (1100, 1200 and 1300 K) for the recuperated case, without intercooling, and the simple cycle. Also plotted are the power curves that apply to both cycle configurations. 

The combined-cycle configuration is preferred for base load applications, i.e., to operate continuously at full power or very close to it, even though sometimes the combined-cycle configurations can also be used to meet peak loads. During transients (either an increase or decrease of the total power), the ratio of the generated power between the GT and the ST can be different, because the GT has a much quicker dynamic response (seconds) than the HRSG and ST assembly (minutes). This fact has normally little impact on the operation of the power station, because a combined cycle is always operating in nearly steady-state conditions. 

Combined cycle systems incorporate all components of the simple cycle configuration with the addition of... 

Phase 2-4 tabs The nature of the entries on these tabs is linked directly to the phases constituting the cycle configuration ... 

The ability to investigate new plant and ask what-if questions about filter installations to facilitate optimum equipment selection(s), filter sizing, cycle configuration(s) and filter operation... 

By repeated use of simulations for a given cycle configuration it is possible to identify the optimum cake thickness to be formed during the overall filtration process. The optimum is application specific and a compromise between the efficiency of cycle operations and the overall economics and time scale of the filter cycle operation. It is clear that the effects of other process parameters on filter performance can also be readily assessed using simulations. 

Dimopoulos G G, Stefanatos 1C, KakaUs NMP (2015) Exergy analysis and optimisation of a marine molten carbonate fuel cell system in simple and combined cycle configuration. 

Figure 10 Cycling configuration of cells at the center or core of a CA spiral wave.

Technology Cycle life cycles Configuration Specific energy, Wh/kg Energy density, Wh/L Specific power, W/kg AppUcations Advantages/disadvantages... 

In principle, AHWR can be configured for a variety of alternative fuel cycle configurations. These include a plutonium burner mode using plutonium-thorium MOX and a fully thorium- U fuelled mode in a closed fuel cycle. 

Now that the overall cycle configuration has been determined, the individual parameters need to be checked for consistency with good design practice and effect on the other cycle parameters of interest. 

Since OO s Gydropress has developed supercritical water-cooled water-moderated power reactors (WER-SKD) in two circuit (with steam generators) and direct cycle configurations. The more advanced direct cycle concept has the following characteristics, as shown in Table 12.9 (Sidorenko, 2010 Glebov et al., 2014 Gabriel et al., 2013). 

Combustion Turbine Applications. The first application of SCR to combustion turbines for NOx control was in 1980 at the Kawasaki plant of the Japanese National Railway. The first application of SCR to a utility combined-cycle poweiplant for NO, control was at Tokyo Electric s 2,000 MWj Futtsu Power Station. This plant has 14 GE Frame 9 combustion turbines in a combined-cycle configuration (Schorr, 1992). As of 1990, the total installed U.S. SCR combustion turbine capacity included over 3,600 MW, in 110 units (May et al., 1991). 

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