Cyanidin 3-rutinoside

Wu, X., Cao, G., and Prior, R.L., Absorption and metabolism of anthocyanins in elderly women after consumption of elderberry or blueberry, J. Nutr, 132,1865, 2002. Matsumoto, H. et al.. Orally administered delphinidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside are directly absorbed in rats and humans and appear in the blood as the intact forms, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 1546, 2001. 

Cyanidin 3-glucoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside were degraded at 100°C in weak acidic solutions at pH range 1 to 4 under aerobic and anaerobic conditions." The degradation revealed that cyanidin 3-glucoside was more stable under both conditions." ... 

Adams, J.B. and Woodman, J.S., Thermal degradation of anthocyanins with particular reference to the 3-glucosides of cyanidin. 2 - Anaerobic degradation of cyanidin-3-rutinoside at 100°C and pH 3.0 in presence of sodium sulfite, J. Sci. Food Agric., 24, 763, 1973. 

Cao, G., Muccitelli, H.U., Sanchez-Moreno, C., and Prior, R.L., Anthocyanins are absorbed in glycated forms in elderly women a pharmacokinetic study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr., 73, 920, 2001. Matsumoto, H., Inaba, H., Kishi, M., Tominaga, S., Hirayama, M., and Tsuda, T., Orally administered delphinidin 3-rutinoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside are directly absorbed in rats and humans and appear in the blood as the intact forms, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 1546, 2001. Netzel, M., Strass, G., Janssen, M., Bitsch, I., and Bitsch, R., Bioactive anthocyanins detected in human urine after ingestion of blackcurrant juice, J. Environ. Pathol. Toxicol. Oncol, 20, 89, 2001. 

Saito, N. et al., Acylated cyanidin 3-rutinoside-5,3 -diglucoside from the purple-red flower of Lobelia erinus. Phytochemistry, 39, 423, 1995. 

Campsis adrepens Lour. C. chinensis Voss. C. grandiflora (Thunb.) Loiseleur (Syn. Bignonia grandiflora) Zhu Wei (Chinese trumpet creeper) (flower) Protein, dextrose, cyanidin-3-rutinoside.48 As emmenagogue. Treat amenorrhea, dysmenorrhea, leucorrhea, menorrhagia, metrorrhagia. 

Fig. 16 RP-HPLC separation of black currant juice. Peaks 1 = delphinidin 3-glucoside 2 = delphinidin 3-rutinoside 3 = cyanidin 3-glucoside 4 = cyanidin 3-rutinoside 5 = pelargonidin 3-glucoside (= int. std.) 6 = pelargonidin 3-rutinoside. (From Ref. 157.)...

Cyanidin-3-glucoside, Cyanidin-3-rutinoside, Cyanidin-3-sambubioside Black raspberry Pig Wu and Prior, unpublished... 

Red pigmented olives accumulate cyanidin 3-rutinoside as the main anthocyanin, along with the 3-glucoside, the 3-caffeoylrutinoside, the 3-glucosylrutinoside and the 3-cafFeoyl-glucosylrutinoside of cyanidin [16]. 

The red-coloured cultivars contain cyanidin 3-glucoside. This is mainly located in the peel, but in some cultivars, it can also be present in the flesh, and in the tissues surrounding the stone. In some cultivars, small amoimts of cyanidin 3-rutinoside are also present. 

In the red pigmented cultivars, the anthocyanin pigments are quite similar to those of cherry, and include cyanidin 3-gIucoside as the main compound, along with cyanidin 3-rutinoside, peonidin 3-glucoside and peonidin 3-rutinoside. 

The pigments, cyanidin 3-glucosylrutinoside and cyanidin 3-rutinoside, have been reported in the red cultivars [43]. 

Furthermore, the content of two anthocyanins cyanidin 3-glucoside (4) and cyanidin 3-rutinoside (5)(Figure 1) in these cultures was follows ... 

Fifth, the content (mg/lOOg dry weight) of cyanidin 3-rutinoside (5) in callus cultures and cell suspension cultures of Hypericum patulum was around 10-50 (after 6 weeks) and around 4 (after 20 days), respectively. 

Feng R, Ni HM, Wang SY, Tourkova IL, Shurin MR, Harada H, Yin XM. Cyanidin 3-rutinoside, a natural polyphenol antioxidant, selectively kills leukemic cells by induction of oxidative stress. J Biol Chem 282(18), 13468-13476, 2007. 

Rao GH (2010) Optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction of cyanidin 3-rutinoside from litchi Litchi chinensis Sonn.) fruit pericarp. Analy Meth 2(8) 1166-1170... 

Anthocyanins and anthocyanids are usually separated on microcrystalline cellulose. Andersen and Francis (1985) were able to separate flavonoids on cellulose in the mobile-phase HCl-formic acid-water (24.9 23.7 51.4). The Rf values obtained were 0.03 for delphinidin, 0.06 for cyanidin, 0.11 for pelargonidin, 0.26 for cyanidin 3-glucoside, 0.48 for cyanidin 3-rutinoside, and 0.95 for pelar-goniden 3-sophoroside-5-glucoside. 

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