Electrical current leakage

Difunctionalized phenolic compounds of the general formula 171 were used to prepare, from isohexides and phosgene, polycarbonates having enhanced stability against electric-current leakages.264... 

Many studies have been concerned with electromigration on PCB s (8-11). Metallic (dendritic) growth of metal from one conductor to another can cause microamp current leakage or electrical shorts. Since high insulation resistance lowers the rate of electromigration, the insulation resistance of a solder mask and the factors which influence it are of great interest. This study was performed to isolate the affects of temperature and humidity on the insulation resistance of photopolymerizable solder masks relative to conventional solder masks. 

Electrical and Chemical. Oven aging at ISO C for 26 days had no effect on the electrical volume resistivities of either FVF or EVA films. Both maintained 10 J2-cm (see Table IV). The plFVB increased from 10 il-cm to 10 J2-cm in four days due to the evolution of plasticizer and absorbed water. Both plasticizer and absorbed water in plFVB cause its low initial volume resisitivity. Low volume resistivity material used in a photovoltaic panel can cause electrical current leakage (1.). BAgMMA decreased from 10 n-cm to 10 5 in 10 days. 

Electrical leakage currents, cathodic corrosion protection In electrically conductive equipment stray or leakage currents can flow as reverse currents to electric generators (in particular in the area of electric trains and major welding equipment), if, for example, conductors like rails, pipes and cable liners laid on or in the earth reduce the resistance of the reverse path, due to earth contact in faulty electrical equipment, due to induction (e.g. in the vicinity of electrical equipment with high currents or high frequencies), due to lightning. Potential equalization, respectively additional electrical override required... 

A fast-acting circuit breaker that is sensitive to very low levels of current leakage to ground. They are designed to provide protection against electrical shock from ground... 

Since current leakage through an electrolyte depends on the existence of a continuous path, another technique for the prevention of leakage currents is the use of current breakers at the cells. Their purpose is to physically break the electrolyte stream in order to interrupt the electrical path. Figure 8.10 shows the design used with some diaphragm cells. The liquor from each cell is collected in a cup (C). The demister... 

A GFCI is a fast-acting circuit breaker that senses small imbalances in a circuit caused by current leakage to ground. In a fraction of a second, the GFCI shuts off the electricity. 

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