Crystals laser emission from

N. Karl, Laser emission from an organic molecular crystal, Physit o Stums Solidi A 1972, 13, 651. 

Figure 9.41 shows a diode junction for generating the inverted population combined with a Fabry-Perot resonant cavity. When the junction is forward biased, one can obtain laser emission from such a structure. To get some of fhe Hght out of the cavity at least one, and often both, of the mirrors are only partially reflecting. It turns out to be easy to fabricate such mirrors in a single crystal material such as a semiconductor... 

Shibata S., Yamane M., Kamada K., Ohta K., Sasaki K. Laser emission from dye-doped organic-inorganic particles of microcavity stmcture, J. Sol-Gel Sci. Technol. 1997 8 960-964 Shimada S., Matsuu M., Miyazawa K., Kuwabara M. Fabrication of two-dimensional gel photonic crystals by sol-gel method using high concentration of alkoxide solution. J. Ceram. Soc. Jpn 2002 110 391-394... 

Huang, W., Diao, Z., Yao, L., Cao, Z., Liu, Y., Ma, J., Xuan, L. Electrieally tunable distributed feedback laser emission from seaffolding morphologie holographie polymer dispersed hquid crystal grating. Appl. Phys. Express 6, 022702 (2013)... 

Jin, R, Li, C.-R, Dong, X.-Z., Chen, W.-Q., and Duan, X.-M. 2006. Laser emission from dye-doped polymer film in opal photonic crystal cavity. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89 241101. 

ChanishviU, A., Chilaya, G., Petriashvili, G., Barberi, R., Bartolino, R., Cipparrone, G., MazzuUa, A. Laser emission from a dye-doped cholesteric liquid crystal pumped by another cholesteric liquid crystal laser. Appl. Phys. Lett. 85(16), 3378-3380 (2004)... 

Summary. This Chapter focuses on the investigation of fast electron transport studies in solids irradiated at relativistic laser intensities. Experimental techniques based upon space-resolved spectroscopy are presented in view of their application to both ultrashort Ka X-ray sources and fast ignition studies. Spectroscopy based upon single-photon detection is unveiled as a complementary diagnostic technique, alternative to well established techniques based upon bent crystals. Application of this technique to the study of X-ray fluorescence emission from fast electron propagation in multilayer targets is reported and explored as an example case. 

There are many solid state lasers. One of the most commonly treated types in laser textbooks is the ruby laser (Al203 Cr +), which was the first laser system demonstrated by T. H. Maiman at the Hughes Research Laboratory early in 1960 (Maiman, 1960). Figure 6.9 in Chapter 6 will show the quantum energy levels associated with the unfilled 3d inner shell of the Cr + ion when it substitutes for the AP+ ion in the AI2O3 lattice crystal. By using a ruby rod placed inside a spiral flashlamp filled with a hundreds of torrs of xenon, it is possible to optically pump Cr + ions from the " A2g ground state into the broad " T2 and " Ti bands of the excited levels. After a rapid relaxation down to the very sharp Eg level, laser emission can be produced at 694 nm via the Eg " A2g transition. 

Within the cross-over region there is more complicated mixing between doublet and quartet states and the luminescence band is broad with additional sub-bands (11). Because of the importance of ruby lasers and related Cr3+ activated systems, the physics of the doublet-quartet transition has been worked out in considerable detail as has the mechanism of non-radiative transfer and the temperature dependence of the luminescence(12). Although the Cr3+ narrow band emission is essentially independent of crystal field and thus of site size and symmetry, the energy of the doublet levels does depend on Racah parameters B and C. The B and C parameters are dependent on the covalency of the metal-ligand bond and thus there is some variability in the Cr3+ emission from host to host. 

Figure 2.17. Fluorescence spectra of the anthracene crystal at 5 K, observed from the front (001) face of a thin sample. 20 The main lines cited in the text are as follows Ph 23 = 25082cm Ph46 = 25052cm Ph 61 = 25037cm F ° = 24703cm Flvo+ 46 25052 cm" 1 -390 cm" F 00 = 23692cm" We note the very narrow and strong line (laser emission) of the 0-1400 fluorescence, as well as the fluorescence oscillations around the structure Ph 135.

Cr + laser emission has been obtained from a variety of crystals in two very different ways, depending on the strength of the crystal field at the dopant site and whether the emission... 

The fluorescence and phosphorescence of quinazoline, 6-chloro-4-phenyl-and 6-chloro-l-methyl-4-phenylquinazolin-2(lH)-one were recorded in ethanol containing 1% of concentrated sulfuric acid. The luminescence of these compounds on thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates saturated with ethanol was reported. 4-Morpholino- and 4-piperidino-6-methoxy-2-phenyl-quinazoline also have luminescent properties, and the ultraviolet fluorescence in the crystals and in hexane or benzene solution was discussed. The time and wavelength resolved emission from quinazoline vapor at low pressures was studied with a pulsed frequency double-dye laser and were compared with those of quinoxaline and cinnoline. ... 

Fig. 16 Laser emission spectra from the polymer-stabilized blue phase of the (110) crystal [44]...

EuAopLum. Broadband, Stokes-shifted 5d+4f emission is observed from Eu2+ in many hosts. The fluorescence occurs in the 400-500 nm region and has a lifetime of about 1-2 ys. Attempts to observe laser action from Eu2+ in a crystal... 

Rare-earth sesquioxides are of interest as laser host materials in addition to other practical applications. Neodymium is known to exhibit laser action in several rare-earth oxides including La203 (Hoskins and Softer, 1965) and Gd203 (Softer and Hoskins, 1964). Laser action in crystals of the form R R203 has also been observed, particularly Ho Er203 (Softer and Hoskins, 1966) and Tm Er203 (Softer and Hoskins, 1965). The possibility of obtaining stimulated emission from crystals of the latter form has spurred much of the fundamental spectroscopic research on the sesquioxides. 

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