Cryogenic liquified gases

Ti-5 aluminum-2.5 tin (grade 6) is used for high temperature strength in process equipment and also as hardware to handle cryogenic liquified gases. 

Table 17.1 lists the physical characteristics, such as vapor pressure and boiling point, of some representative compressed gases, liquified gases, and cryogenic liquified gases, and shows some of the characteristics of the cylinders used for these gases. In Section 17.2 we will discuss the characteristics of compressed gas cylinders in detail. 

Cryogenic processes using turboexpanders facilitate high levels of ethylene recovery from refinery gas while producing byproducts of hydrogen- and methane-rich gas. In a cryogenic process, most of the ethylene and almost all of the heavier components are liquified and ethylene is separated from this liquid. 

As stated earlier, turboexpanders are normally used in cryogenic processes to produce isentropic expansion to cool down the process gas. Two common applications are natural gas processing plants and chemical plants. In natural gas processing plants, turboexpanders are installed to liquify heavier hydrocarbon components and produce lean natural gas with specified dew point limits to meet required standards. 

Liquified natural gas is shipped via cryogenic tanker from Lake Charles, Louisiana, to London. 

NITECH A cryogenic process for removing nitrogen from natural gas, mainly methane. The high-pressure gas is liquified by expansion and then fractionated. The essential feature is the use of an internal reflux condenser within the fractionating column. Developed by BCCK Engineering and demonstrated on a full-scale plant in Oregon in 1994. 

The separation of refinery gases is also an item of interest for instance, gas streams containing hydrogen. In the main, membrane methods pertain to the separation of noncondensable gases that is, to gases not readily liquifiable except by low-temperature or cryogenic means. 

The principle of corresponding states, extended as above to mixtures of acentric molecules, has been applied to the calculation of many of the properties needed for the design of separation equipment. The examples reviewed briefly here are taken from our own work on cryogenic fluids, liquified natural gas (LNG), mixtures of hydrocarbons, and mixtures of carbon dioxide with hydrocarbons. In all this work methane was used as the reference substance. 

Gas Liquified Cryogenic Flammable Toxic Asphyxiant Inert Corrosive Oxidizer... 

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