Cross resistance pattern

S. V. Gulnik, L. I. Suvorov, B. Liu, B. Yu, B. Anderson, H. Mitsuya, J. W. Erickson, Kinetic Characterization and Cross-Resistance Patterns of HIV-1 Protease Mutants Selected under Drug Pressure , Biochemisry 1995, 34, 9282-9287. 

These cross-resistance patterns were studied by J. R. Busvine at the London School of Hygiene. His partly dieldrin resistant strain of M. domestica vicina from the Sudan became 1000-fold resistant when subjected to intense pressure with dieldrin at Slough. 4... 

Famham, A.W. [ 1971). Changes in cross-resistance patterns of house flies selected with natural pyrethrins or resitielbrin (5-bcn yl-3-furylmcihyl( )ciwraj .s-chrvsunihc-mate). Pestic. Set. 2, 138-143. 

Table I. Cross-resistance patterns between trladimenol and tebuconazole in cereal powdery mildews...

Table 9.2 Amino acid substitutions within plastidlc, homomeric ACC and associated cross-resistance patterns observed at the whole plant level j ]...

The classification of fungicides according to their mode of action and cross resistance pattern became necessary to facilitate resistance management at the field level under practical agronomic conditions. If fungicides are recommended to be used in alternation or mixtures to achieve robust disease control and delaying resistance evolution, clear information on the cross-resistance behavior for each... 

Resistance/Sensitive ratio (RS ratio) of various herbicides for the inhibition of ALS that was prepared from chlorsulfiiron-resistant K. scoparia. This biotype has a mutation of proline at position 189 (171 by the rice numbering system) to serine in the ALS. The RS ratios of most SUs were over 1 and those of the IM were nearly equal to I, indicating that this mutated ALS expressed resistance to the SU but not to the IMs. The cross-resistance pattern of the PC-herbicides was moderate between those of the SU and the IM. 

The one-point mutated ALS except for the mutation of serine at position 627 to isoleucine exhibited a high resistance to the SU herbicide, chlorsulfuron. On the contrary, the resistance level of these mutated ALS s to the IM herbicide, imazaquin, was lower than that of chlorsulfuron. The mutation of proline at position 171 to alanine and histidine did not confer resistance to imazaquin. On the odier hand, the resistance level of die proline mutated ALS s to the PC herbicides was moderate between diose of chlorsulfuron and imazaquin. These results were correlated to the cross-resistance pattern of the proline-mutated ALS of K. scoparia as already described. From these results, it is considered that rice mutated recombinant ALS s, especially the proline mutants, are useful as resistant enzyme models for the herbicide resistance management at newly developed or developing ALS-inhibiting herbicides. We are now preparing other kinds of proline mutants to confirm this idea. 

Gulnik, S. V., Suvorov, L. L, Liu, B. et al. 1995. Kinetic characterization and cross-resistance patterns of HIV-1 protease mutants selected under drug pressure. Biochemistry 34(29) 9282-9287. 

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