Creaming effects

Forms of Yeast. Yeast is available in several forms compressed yeast, cream (effectively a liquid), dried into pellets and powders claimed to be instantly active. Bakeries normally use compressed yeast, which with cream yeast must be kept under refrigeration. A supply of dried yeast will always be kept handy lest the yeast delivery should fail or the refrigerator breaks down. 

Acriflavine proflavine Orange-yellow acridine dye. ACRINOL 0.1% cream. Effective against gram -i-ve bacteria gonococci. Activity enhanced in alkaline medium. Used in chronic ulcers wounds... 

Emulsion Stability. The samples were examined for emulsion stability using centrifugation and light scattering techniques (oil droplet volume mean diameter). In general, these tests were used to determine stability of the emulsions to creaming effects. The results of the analyses are presented in Table I and Figure 1. 

Randomized, double-blind, bilateral, Both creams effective, the one 31... 

Glagovskaia, O. 2000. Rheological Study of Milks and Creams. Effects of Fat Content, Fat Globule Size Distribution and Temperature. Master of Applied Science Thesis, RMIT University, Melbourne, Australia. 

Alternatively, if the total time taken for complete separation of these emulsions is considered, then we are left with the anomalies (2) and (3). Anomaly (1) drops out because of creaming effects. 

Blanken R, van der Valk PGM, Nater JP, Dijkstra H (1987b) After-work emollient creams effects on irritant skin reactions. Derm Beruf Umwelt 35 95-98... 

Emulsifiers are classified by the hydrophilic—lipophilic balance (HLB) system. This system indicates whether an emulsifier is more soluble in water or oil, and for which type of emulsion (water-in-oil or oil-in-water) it is best suited. Emulsifiers having alow HLB value are more oil soluble, and are better suited for water-in-oil appHcations such as margarine. Conversely, emulsifiers having a high HLB value are more water soluble, and function more effectively in oil-in-water emulsions such as ice cream (34). The use of this system is somewhat limited because the properties of emulsifiers are modified by the presence of other ingredients and different combinations of emulsifiers are needed to achieve a desired effect. The HLB values of some common emulsifiers are given (35). 

Propylene glycol is also an effective humectant, preservative, and stabilizer and is found in such diverse apphcations as semimoist pet food, bakery goods, food flavorings, salad dressings, and shave creams. Humectancy, or the capabiUty of retaining moisture in a product, is a result of the vapor—Hquid equihbria of the glycol—water system and can be estimated from tables provided by suppHers (27). 

The pyrethroid permethrin is an effective repeUent for biting flies, mosquitoes, and ticks. A 30% permethrin cream is a general-purpose repeUent used by the U.S. Armed Forces. 

Cultured buttermilk is that which is produced by the fermentation (qv) of skimmed milk often with some cream added. The principal fermentation organisms used are l ctococcus lactis suhsp. cremoris l ctococcus lactis suhsp. lactis and l euconostoc citrovorum. The effect of the high processing temperature and the lactic acid provide an easily digestible product. 

Specially designed impervious suits, eg. Level A suits, are utili2ed by workers handling some rocket fuels and other highly ha2ardous compounds (see Explosives and propellants). Barrier creams are much less effective than gloves for preventing skin contact. 

In Cosmetics. Amino acids and their derivatives occur in skin protein, and they exhibit a controlling or buffering effect of pH variation in skin and a bactericidal effect (216). Serine is one component of skin care cream or lotion. Ai-Acylglutamic acid triethanolamine monosalt is used for shampoo. Glucose glutamate is a moisturizing compound for hair and skin (234). 

In the last several decades, physical properties of vaginal contraceptive formulations have been improved to deUver spermicide more effectively and enhance consumer compliance. The formulation that deUvers the spermicide can affect the efficacy of vaginal contraceptives (86,87). Formulations currentiy available include jeUies, creams, suppositories, aerosol foams, and foaming tablets. Each consists of a relative inert base material that serves as a carrier for the chemically active spermicide and blocks to some extent the passage of sperm. 

Excessive degreasing by shampoos can be overcome by treatment with an after-shampoo (cream) rinse or a hair dressing. It is considered desirable to control the effects of excessive surface degreasing at the time of shampooing. A wide variety of hair-conditioning additives has been recommended and tested. Only a few have gained wide acceptance, for example ... 

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