Cowpea mosaic virus CPMV

Arg Arginine BnBr Benzjd bromide CPMV Cowpea mosaic virus... 

Fig. 7.9. Backscattered ICP Raman (/R + /L) and ROA (/R — /L) spectra measured for (a) the empty cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) protein capsid (top pair), (b) the intact capsid containing RNA-2 (middle pair), and (c) the difference spectra obtained by subtracting the top from the middle spectra to reveal the spectra of the viral RNA-2 (bottom pair)...

Figure 9.3 The structure of the Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) capsid (a) and the asymmetric unit (b). The capsid of CPMV is comprised by the small (S) and large (L) subunit.

Table 9.2 Overview of chemical moieties that have been attached to wild-type (wt) and mutant Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) particles and the purpose of the study and/or application.

Figure 9.6 (a) Schematic presentation of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) particles chemically modified with ferrocenecarboxylic acid (Fc) moieties via the formation of a peptide bond, (b) Cyclic voltammogram of derivatized CPMV-Fc at a scan rate v ofO.lVs-1, and linear plot of current versus (scan rate)l/2 (inset). 

Figure 9.8 Bilayers and a mixed monolayer of biotinylated and fluorescently labeled Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) particles on gold slides imaged via fluorescence microscopy The bilayers are shown on the left and the mixed monolayer on the right. A schematic representation of the CPMV layer...

Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV), 131, 415-416 CPMV. See Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) CPV. See Canine parvovirus (CPV)... 

Several reports have been made using this reaction as a protein bioconjugation technique. In the first report, 60 azide functional groups attached to the surface of the cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) using NHS ester or iodoacetamide reactions served as attachment sites for fluorescent alkyne derivatives [92]. The optimal conditions for the reaction were 21 pM protein (based on azide-functionalized capsid monomers), 1 mM CuS04, 2 mM TCEP, and 2 mM 58 in pH 8 buffer at 4°C for 16 h. As an alternative, small amounts of copper wire were also effective in generating and maintaining the Cu(I) species. The reaction was also successful when the alkynes were attached to the viral capsid and azides were attached to the dye. 

Fig. 10.3-19 Modification of proteins using "Click chemistry, (a) Sixty azide groups were introduced on the surface of the cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) through the alkylation of genetically introduced cysteine residues. These groups can be modified through exposure to alkynes, Cu(l) (the Cu(ll) source is reduced in situ by theTCEP), and ligand 58 or 59. Similar results were...

Three ieosahedral viruses emerged as useful templates with eage-like architectures for nanotechnology cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV) and cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and Norwalk virus (NV) (Fig. 2). CCMV and CPMV are both plant viruses, while NV is an animal virus. 

Fig. Cryo electron microscopy and image reconstructions of Cowpea Mosaic virus (CPMV) (B) Norwalk Virus (NV) ...

Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) pseudo T = 3 icosahedral symmetry 120 total copies of two different proteins 30 nm in diameter PDB iD 1NY7... 

These experiments have been dissapointing in the sense that the only features which seem to be universal are the AUG initiation codon and the 5 cap structure (7I, 72), and even the latter is missing from some viral RNAs, notably picornavirus RNAs (both the virion RNA (75) and. the viral mRNA (74)), Cowpea Mosaic Virus (CPMV) RNA (75)f and Satellite Tobacco Necrosis (STNV) RNA (76). The role of the cap has been studied by examining the properties of mRNA... 

The second category of the viral templates discussed here are spheroidal plant viruses, most of which have icosahedral symmetry. In this section, we first describe the fundamental characteristics of two representative viruses that have been widely enlisted cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) and CCMV. We then discuss endeavors to functionalize the surfaces of these viral nanoparticles by both chemical and genetic modifications that mirror the ones utilized for TMV. Finally, efforts to harness a range of inner cavity sizes, perhaps the most unique feature of this class of viral assemblies, from various spheroidal viruses and protein cages for the synthesis of precisely controlled nanoparticles are described. 

Several plant viruses have been used, most successfully tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV). 

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