Convincing

The third and last writing-vs.-speaking distinction is that writing is much more effective in communicating facts, data, and details than is speaking (Decker 1992). In contrast, speaking clearly holds the power of persuasion. Depending on your primary objective—information transfer or persuasion choose wisely and carefully execute your medium. 

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Some attempts, not yet very convincing, have been made to extend the field of application to gas oils by heating the column. 

In future we will increase our data base also for the newest types of drums and are also convinced, that by the application of pattern recognition AE becomes beside its detection ability more and more also a valuation technique. 

Since the development of grazing incidence x-ray diffraction, much of the convincing evidence for long-range positional order in layers has come from this technique. Structural relaxations from distorted hexagonal structure toward a relaxed array have been seen in heneicosanol [215]. Rice and co-workers combine grazing incidence x-ray diffraction with molecular dynamics simulations to understand several ordering transitions [178,215-219]. 

A more convincing approach leads to an adaptive method based on the symmetric second order scheme (9). As a first step, we have to introduce a first order scheme substituting p of the previous section. In what follows, we use the following pair of schemes ... 

This argument is rather less convincing than it might appear, since in practice gas viscosities are found to vary with temperature rather more rapidly than. ... 

It should be pointed out tliat not all workers in the field are convinced of this particular explanation, appealing though it is. 

In the late 1950s the research director of our laboratory was not yet convinced of the usefulness of NMR spectroscopy. Consequently, we had no such instrumentation of onr own. Fortunately, the Dow laboratories in Midland just 100 miles away had excellent facilities run by E. B. Baker, a pioneer of NMR spectroscopy, who offered his help. To... 

In the snmmer of 1962, I was able for the first time to present my work in pnblic at the Brookhaven Organic Reaction Mechanism Conference, and subsequently in a number of other presentations and publications. I had convincing evidence to substantiate that, after a... 

Evidence for the influence of protonation was convincingly adduced from the trend of the quantity m p (mixed acid)/ M p (acetyl nitrate) in the series Ph.CH2.OMe, Ph.(CH2)2 OMe, Ph.(CH2)3.0Me, hut it was argued that protonation in mixed acid cannot explain the change... 

Dr. Quack thought ole Strike had a screw loose at first, but after continual quacking and persistence. Dr. Quack is convinced...this method is great as well Quaaaaaaaaaaaaaaack Hope the pigeons cleared some things up for some of you bees and ducks. Quack, Quack."... 

On the other hand, a lot of material is lost in the chromatography and work-up procedures ( 40%), and the analytical data provided are not very convincing, either (except for TLC). 

Convincing evidence for oxidative addition by inversion has been presented by the reaction of chiral (5)-( )-3-acetoxy-l-phenyl-1-butene (4) with Pd(0)(dppe), followed by the treatment with NaBF4 to give optically active the TT-allylpalladium complex (l/ ,25,35) 5 with 81% stereoselectivity[19]. 

As we have just seen the rate determining intermediate m the reaction of tert butyl alco hoi with hydrogen chloride is the carbocation (CH3)3C Convincing evidence from a variety of sources tells us that carbocations can exist but are relatively unstable When carbocations are involved m chemical reactions it is as reactive intermediates formed slowly m one step and consumed rapidly m the next one... 

The acidity of cyclopentadiene provides convincing evidence for the special sta bility of cyclopentadienyl anion... 

Convincing evidence that ester hydrolysis in base proceeds by the second of these two paths namely nucleophilic acyl substitution has been obtained from several sources In one experiment ethyl propanoate labeled with 0 m the ethoxy group was hydrolyzed On isolating the products all the 0 was found m the ethyl alcohol there was no 0 enrichment m the sodium propanoate... 

The table convincingly demonstrates how the unsuspected presence of micropores can lead to an erroneous value of the specific surface calculated from a Type II isotherm by application of the standard BET procedure. According to the foregoing analysis, the external specific surface of the solid is 114m g" the micropore volume (from the vertical separation of isotherms A and E) is 105 mm g but since the average pore width is not precisely known, the area of the micropore walls cannot be calculated. Thus the BET figure of 360m g calculated from isotherm E represents merely an apparent and not a true surface area. 

Consider, for example, the data in Table 4.1 for the mass of a penny. Reporting only the mean is insufficient because it fails to indicate the uncertainty in measuring a penny s mass. Including the standard deviation, or other measure of spread, provides the necessary information about the uncertainty in measuring mass. Nevertheless, the central tendency and spread together do not provide a definitive statement about a penny s true mass. If you are not convinced that this is true, ask yourself how obtaining the mass of an additional penny will change the mean and standard deviation. 

The one-dimensional random walk of the last section is readily adapted to this problem once we recognize the following connection. As before, we imagine that one end of the chain is anchored at the origin of a three-dimensional coordinate system. Our interest is in knowing, on the average, what will be the distance of the other end of the chain from this origin. A moment s reflection will convince us that the x, y, and z directions are all equally probable as far as the perfectly flexible chain is concerned. Therefore one-third of the repeat units will be associated with each of the three perpendicular directions... 

A moment s reflection will convince us that these probabilities can be used as thermodynamic probabilities in Eq. (3.21) to calculate the entropy change on stretching ... 

Since the six carbons shown above have 10 additional bonds, the variety of substituents they carry or the structures they can be a part of is quite varied, making the Diels-Alder reaction a powerful synthetic tool in organic chemistry. A moment s reflection will convince us that a molecule like structure [XVI] is monofunctional from the point of view of the Diels-Alder condensation. If the Diels-Alder reaction is to be used for the preparation of polymers, the reactants must be bis-dienes and bis-dienophiles. If the diene, the dienophile, or both are part of a ring system to begin with, a polycyclic product results. One of the first high molecular weight polymers prepared by this synthetic route was the product resulting from the reaction of 2-vinyl butadiene [XIX] and benzoquinone [XX] ... 

Drilling diamonds using a focused laser beam to bum out dark inclusions or make the inclusions accessible to a chemical treatment is a frequent enhancement. In a potential deception, a cubic zirconia diamond imitation was laser drilled to make it more convincing (15). 

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