Construction of Energy Level Diagrams

Of course, from symmetry arguments alone, quantitative information on energies cannot be obtained. The procedures we are about to describe require one piece of quantitative information obtainable only by a calculation. In Section 9.5 we shall show how this item of information is obtained, but for the present we will accept it without proof and proceed to the construction of energy level diagrams. 

The energy level diagram we wish to construct will show how the energies of the various states into which the free-ion terms are split depend on the strength of the interaction of the ion with its environment. The separation of the two sets of orbitals into which the group of five d orbitals is split can be taken as our measure of this interaction. Thus our diagram will have the 

We will now explain the method of constructing an energy level diagram by treating the particular case of a d2 ion in an octahedral environment. For this system the free-ion terms, in order of increasing energy, are 

In the limit of an extremely large splitting of the d orbitals, the following three configurations, in order of increasing energy, will be possible  

Now let us consider what will happen as we begin to relax the strong interaction of the environment with the ion, so that the electrons start to feel one another s presence. They will begin to couple in certain ways, giving rise 

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Non-parameterized MO calculations on M(7t-Cp)Cl2 (M = Cr or Mo) have allowed the construction of energy level diagrams for the molecular orbitals of these complexes. The HOMO in each case has high metal character. ... 

Recognition of the nephelauxetic effect means that the free-ion values of Racah parameters are no longer appropriate in the quantitative interpretation of LF spectra and in the construction of energy-level diagrams. The simplest solution... 

Construct an energy level diagram and the shorthand representation of the ground-state configuration of aluminum. Provide one set of valid quantum numbers for the highest-energy electron. 

The KA values reported by Williams et al. can be used to calculate the relative change in free energy for the enzyme-ligand complexes as described in Chapter 3, fixing the AG ng for the free enzyme at zero (Table 6.3). These data allow us to construct an energy level diagram for the process of time-dependent inhibition of... 

From the early spectroscopic work it is possible to construct an energy level diagram for Na, as shown in Fig. 1.1. From this figure it is apparent that the difference in the principal and sharp series limits is the wavenumber of the 3s-3p transition. It is also apparent that the Rydberg states, states of high principal quantum number n, lie close to the series limit. 

These experimental results for neon are consistent with the electron configuration Ne ls 2s 2p predicted by the aufbau principle. Ionization energies measured in this way are used to construct the energy-level diagram for atoms and to show explicitly the value of the ground-state energy. 

Construct an energy-level diagram for the GaAs surface, in analogy with that in Fig. 10-9 for silicon, indicating the energies of dangling hybrids before and after full reconstruction. 

Construct an energy-level diagram for the hydrogen atom, and use it to explain why the spectrum of the hydrogen atom contains a limited number of wavelength components. 

C08-0031. Construct an orbital energy level diagram for all orbitals with < 8 and / < 4. Use the periodic table to help determine the correct order of the energy levels. 

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