Energy, increased

Using guest fluorophores, they show that the adsorption energy increases linearly with the alkyl chain length as... 

The average kinetic energy per particle at J= 0, is of the Fenni energy p. At constant A, the energy increases as the volume decreases smce fp Due to the Pauli exclusion principle, the Fenni energy gives... 

Depending on tire sign of U and F, atoms in states whose energy increases or decreases witli magnetic field are called weak-field seekers or strong-field seekers , respectively. One could, in principle, trap atoms in any of tliese states. 

In this assignment, we keep the symmetry species of the vibronic state in D3/, but indicate the vibrational quantum numbers for the Civ normal modes. The energy increases from left to right, and up to down,... 

With certain irregularities only, the ionisation energy increases across a period. The elements therefore become less metallic across a period. 

While bond energies increase in. for example, the sequence C—C. C=C. 

The interaction potential (R) describes both bonding and non-bon ding in teraction s. Th e bon dm g interactions arc u snally form u -lated as a strain energy that is zero at some ideal configuration of the atoms and describe how the energy increases as the ideal con-figu ration is deform ed. Don d in g in teraction s ii su ally refer to atom s in the following relationships ... 

CoIIisional excitation. An ion/neutral process wherein the (slow) reactant ion s internal energy increases at the expense of the translational energy of either (or both) of the reacting species. The scattering angle can be large. 

A Boltzmann factor in which the energy of crystallization appears in a negative exponent. According to Eq. (4.11), this energy increases-hence the exponential decreases-with increasing r. 

The uncertainty principle, according to which either the position of a confined microscopic particle or its momentum, but not both, can be precisely measured, requires an increase in the carrier energy. In quantum wells having abmpt barriers (square wells) the carrier energy increases in inverse proportion to its effective mass (the mass of a carrier in a semiconductor is not the same as that of the free carrier) and the square of the well width. The confined carriers are allowed only a few discrete energy levels (confined states), each described by a quantum number, as is illustrated in Eigure 5. Stimulated emission is allowed to occur only as transitions between the confined electron and hole states described by the same quantum number. 

When the temperature of a solar cell rises, cell conversion efficiency decreases because the additional thermal energy increases the thermally generated minority (dark-drift) current. This increase in dark-drift current is balanced in the cell by lowering the built-in barrier potential, lU, to boost the majority diffusion current. The drop in F causes a decrease in and F. Therefore, a cell s output, ie, the product of F and decreases with increasing cell temperature. is less sensitive to temperature changes than F and actually increases with temperature. 

Trends in ED appear to be reduction in pumping and direct ED energy, increase in electric current density, and the use of EDR and hybrid processes in plants in which the manufacturer of the demineralisation plant owns and operates the plant, selling water to the user or water distributor. 

Figure 2.5. Relationship of the P-V Hugoniot to the Rayleigh line and a graphical illustration of kinetic and internal energy increase.

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