Consciousness memory

Dissociation is the core feature of the dissociative disorders it is defined by the DSM-IV as a disruption in the usually integrated functions of consciousness, memory, identity, or perception of the environment (American Psychiatric Association, 1994, p. 477). Dissociation is usually assessed as a continuum, most often using the Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES Bemstein-Carlson Putnam, 1986), a 28-item self-report measure. The DES items are rated on a scale reflecting the frequency of dissociative experiences (O-to-100% in 10% intervals). Factor analyses of DES items have led to the development of three subscales (Carlson et al., 1993 Frischholz, Braun, Sachs, Schwartz, 1991 Ross, Joshi, Currie, 1991). They are (a) Absorption, which reflects dissociation from surroundings (e.g., daydreaming) (b) Amnesia, which reflects dissociation from past experiences and (c) Depersonalization-Derealization, which reflects dissociation from the body or senses. 

Another member of the arylcyclohexylamine structural class is ketamine, which is a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, meaning it disables certain higher-function signaling mechanisms in the brain (consciousness, memory, perception, and motor activity) from lower functions (breathing and heart rate). Ketamine is manufactured commercially for use as a surgical anesthetic for both humans and animals. 

Even experienced users misjudge the dosing and land in a life-threatening K-hole. In addition to vivid hallucinations, this state may be punctuated by convulsions, respiratory depression, and loss of consciousness. Memory is also acutely affected. Users may not remember taking the drug, or who or where they are. Users may experience bouts of paranoia or anger. 

As in any induction technique, the person preparing to meditate has explicit and implicit expectations of what will come about. His explicit expectations stem from his immediately conscious memories of what he knows about meditation and his goal in doing it. His implicit expectations range from the implicit but potentially conscious ones that come from other knowledge about meditation he could recall but is not recalling at the moment, to more implicit ones that he has absorbed over a longer time and of... 

Lees AJ (1995) Comparison of therapeutic effects and mortality data of lev-odopa and levodopa combined with selegiline in patients with early, mild Parkinson s disease. Br Med J 311 1602-1607 Libet B (1973) Electrical stimulation of cortex in human subjects, and conscious memory aspects. In Iggo A (ed) Handbook of sensory physiology, vol 2. Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, New York, pp 743-790 Levene M, Roberts P (eds) (1999) Massacre in history. Berghahn Books, New York... 

Part of a schema s flexibility lies in the several ways in which the schema may be accessed. For instance, some piece of it may be tied to a particular sensory perception. It may be reached as a subgoal for another schema. It may be activated as a result of conscious memory search by the individual who knows that a situation with similar features fits it. Or it may be retrieved because of a remembrance of a particular procedure. Thus, any of the basic knowledge components can provide access to the entire schema. 

The model illustrates how HRS can retrieve information from the briefly perceived, subliminal exposition, yet LMA, which must have reference to a process of duration, cannot access the same data. The film frame/clip analogy is useful here the 30ms exposure is recorded, just like all sensory data, but it represents only a frame of a film. LMA must access a sequence of frames during recall, a series of time-related frames of a certain duration, a "film clip". This may be a result of the nature of the cues which are used in LMA, or perhaps just the inherent operating characteristics of the brain system which reconstructs conscious memories. 

Above Carl Jung (left), the great psychologist, was particularly attracted by the symbolism of alchemy, finding within its images many of the archetypes he believed were embedded deep within mankind s collective unconscious, beyond conscious memory. 

Perception itself is not a process of a neutral description of the environment but a selective translation of sense data regarding preexisting and not necessarily conscious memories (Anderson, 1983). The activation of associative nodes can be about facmal information as well as topics that are set in context for other reasons (e.g., similarity or experience). Based on this, intuitions are tmderstood as unconscious cognitions whose genesis remains hidden because only the result of thinking... 

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