Conductive tanks

Case 1. Ungrounded Conductive Tank. When an ungrounded tank is filled, the potential on the tank at any time t is proportional to the total accumulated charge (A-4-1.3)... 

This problem of an electrically non-conducting tank was solved by the firm of Elektrizitdts A.G., formerly Schuckert, by assembling it from several metallic parts joined together by non-conducting materials. 

To deal with the abovementioned challenges, a number of CFM subsystems can be implemented upstream within the propellant tank as illustrated in Figure 1.3. Passive multilayer insulation (MLI) systems, lightweight, low thermal conductivity tank support struts, as well as optimized active cooling systems, such as broad area cooling (BAC) shields or... 

For each test, control, or reference substance that is mixed with a carrier, such as water, appropriate analytical methods are required to determine solubility, homogeneity, and stability of the mixture. Generally, the sponsor has conducted extensive testing to meet these requirements before the chemical is used in a field study. However, the requirement to determine the uniformity of the mixture and the concentration of the test, reference or control substance in the mixture (12) can be addressed best by collecting tank mix samples while the tank contents are being agitated. If laboratory tests have not been conducted, tank mix samples should be taken before and after the application to demonstrate uniformity in the concentration of the mixture over the duration of the application. Documentation of the mixing time and application start and end times are necessary as the stability of some chemicals may decrease once mixed with a carrier. 

Commercial-scale operations are conducted in batch, fed-batch, or continuous culture systems. Fermentation vessels include the conventional baffled aerated tank, with or without impeller agitation, and the ak-lift tower fermentors in which ak is sparged into an annular space between the... 

Reaction conditions depend on the composition of the bauxite ore, and particularly on whether it contains primarily gibbsite, Al(OH)2, or boehmite [1318-23-6] AlOOH. The dissolution process is conducted in large, stirred vessels or alternatively in a tubular reactor. The process originated as a batch process, but has been converted to a continuous one, using a series of stirred tank reactors or a tubular reactor. 

When the process medium is electrically conductive (dielectric values > 10), the capacitor developed above does not work the iasulatiag material needed between the two conductive plates is lost. The conductive Hquid surrounding the probe acts as a short circuit to the tank wall (second plate of the capacitor). To reestabUsh the dielectric (iasulatiag material), the probe can be iasulated with a nonconductive material such as tetrafluoroethylene (TFE), poly(vinyhdene fluoride) (PVDF), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), etc. The capacitor exists between the probe rod, through the thickness of the iasulation (dielectric), to the conductive Hquid which is now acting as the second plate of the capacitor, or ground reference (Fig. 9). 

Emerson Gumming, Inc. eventuaUy bought the rights to the Sohio process and produced a variety of microspheres. Union Carbide was Hcensed to produce the phenoHc microspheres offered under the name PhenoHc MicrobaUoons (Table 16). When PhenoHc MicrobaUoons are introduced into a cmde-oU storage tank, they form a fluid seal that rises and faUs with the level of the oU. A continuous vapor-barrier seal is formed, which reduces evaporational losses up to 90%. Tests have been conducted under various mechanical and weather conditions and with cmde oUs of varying vapor pressure. 

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