Condensing coil, vapor flow

Well, if I reduced the heat to the still a lot, and removed the No. 1 coil (so that its heat removal duty was zero), then vapor would just blow through the 12-oz can. The water content of the vapor from the big can would be the same as the water content of the vodka in the bottle. The 12-oz can would then serve no purpose. However, as I partially condense the vapor flow into the 12-oz can, the water content of the vapors flowing into the bottle goes down, because water is less volatile than alcohol. The extra heat added to the big can prevents the extra heat removed by the No. 1 coil from reducing vodka production. 

Once the vapor level reaches the condensing coils, check the flow of condensed solvent through the water separator and its return to proper degreaser compartments. 

Check condenser coolant flow or temperature, or both. Adjust as necessary to ensure that the vapor level does not rise above the design or operating level and to minimize condensation of moisture from room air on the condenser coils. Check that all coolant and heating lines are free of leaks and the water separator is functioning properly to prevent contamination in the degreaser. 

Primary drying, to the contrary, is performed under vacuum. Whereas in the young days of the technique it was felt by more specialists that the higher the vacuum the better the process could be, it was shown by Neumann [10] and Oetjen et al. [11] that throttling the water vapor flow between the chamber and the condenser was increasing the speed and efficiency of the operations. Later on, Rieutord and I patented the air injection process [12], which could be applied to any equipment whether the condenser coils were placed in a separate... 

If we add less heat to the big can, the vapor flow to the No. 1 condensing coil will diminish. As the water is less volatile than the alcohol, most of the reduction in vapor flow will be at the expense of water vaporization. Of course, there will be somewhat less vaporization of the more... 

Eigure 3 is a flow diagram which gives an example of the commercial practice of the Dynamit Nobel process (73). -Xylene, air, and catalyst are fed continuously to the oxidation reactor where they are joined with recycle methyl -toluate. Typically, the catalyst is a cobalt salt, but cobalt and manganese are also used in combination. Titanium or other expensive metallurgy is not required because bromine and acetic acid are not used. The oxidation reactor is maintained at 140—180°C and 500—800 kPa (5—8 atm). The heat of reaction is removed by vaporization of water and excess -xylene these are condensed, water is separated, and -xylene is returned continuously (72,74). Cooling coils can also be used (70). 

Heat can be added to or removed from stirred-tank reactors via external jackets (Figure 7.5a), internal coils (Figure 7.5b) or separate heat exchangers by means of a flow loop (Figure 7.5c). Figure 7.5d shows vaporization of the contents being condensed and refluxed to remove heat. A variation on Figure 7.5d would not reflux the evaporated... 

These designs have provisions for the removal of noncondensable vapors and air, for the prevention of freezing during cold weather. Excessive buildup of noncondensable vapors in the main condenser would prevent effective condensation. Protection against ice formation is usually accomplished by warm air recirculation and/or fan control. Condensed steam from cooling coils flows by gravity to condensate receivers and is pumped back to the feedwater circuit by a condensate pump. 

Observations of the flow patterns inside of fin passage making the set of rectangular channels were done at apparatuses shown at Fig. 9. Subcooled liquid was pumped through electro-heating coil to provide a certain vapor quality of the flow. Then the flow was passed through adiabatic test section and later through the evaporator, for exception pulsation of flow, into the condenser. The test section can operate both in up... 

Karimi [120] applied his analysis to solve the reflux condenser geometry shown in Fig. 14.19. In this situation, vapor condenses on the outside of a cooled, helically coiled tube and flows... 

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