Condensation polymers polysulfones

Polysulfone supports are well suited for the fifth method listed in Table 1. In this approach. Method E, the support film is saturated with a water solution containing diamines, polyamines or diphenols, plus other additives such as acid acceptors and surfactants. The saturated film is contacted with a nonmlscible solvent containing di- or triacyl chloride reactants. A condensation polymer forms at the interface. The film is dried to bond the thin Interfacial film to the support surface. In some... 

A number of plastics are condensation polymers and include polyesters and nylons that are not as highly oriented as the same materials but in fiber form. Other plastics have been developed that have outstanding heat stability, strength, and other properties that allow their wide use. These plastics include polycarbonates, polyimides, polybenzimidazoles, polysulfides, polyethers, polysulfones, and polyketones. 

P. Zschocke and D. Quellmatz, Novel ion exchange membranes based on aromatic polysulfone, J. Membr. Sci., 1985, 22, 325 W.H. Daly, Modification of condensation polymers, J. Macromol. Sci., Chem., 1985, A22, 713-728 N. Sivashinsky and G.B. Tanny, Ionic heterogeneities in sulfonated polysulfone films, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 1983, 28, 3235-3245 M.D. Guiver, G.P. Robertson, M. Yashikawa and C.M. Tam, Funtionalized polysulfone Methods for chemical modification and membrane applications, Membrane Formation and Modification, ACS Symposium Series, ed. I. Pinnau and B.D. Freeman, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 2000, Vol. 744. 

Various types of condensation polymers such as aromatic polysulfonates and polysulfides, aromatic polyethers, aliphatic and aromatic polysulfides, and carbon-carbon chain polymers of high molecular weights by the phase-transfer catalyzed polycondensation fi-om combinations of aromatic disulfonyl chlorides, phosphonic dichlorides, activated aromatic dichlorides, and aliphatic dihalides, withbisphenol, aliphatic and aromatic dithiols, and active ethylene compounds. The two-phase polycondensation was generally carried out in a water-immiscible organic solvent-aqueous alkaline solution system at room temperature. The method of polycondensation offers a highly versatile and convenient synthetic method for a variety of condensation polymers. 

Condensation polymers arc frequently named from the internal linking group between hydrocarbon portions. Thus, (III) is a polyester which can be written as -(O-R-O-CO-R -CO b- and (XVI) is a polyamide written as -fHN-R-NH-CO-R -CO ff-. Similarly, -f O-R-O-CO-NH-R -NH-CO-) is a polyurethane, and-fR-S02-) - is a polysulfone. 

A survey of the reaction conditions required to quaternize chloromethylated condensation polymers in a homogeneous media revealed that mixed solvent systems would be required to handle poly(oxy-2,6-dimethyl-3-chloromethyl-1,4-phenylene), The reaction of triethylamine with chloromethylated polysulfone proceeded cleanly in pure DMSO, and a model compound was easy to synthesize. Therefore, we focused our initial attention on polysulfone derivatives. 

Polymerization Terminal groups COOH on polyamides, polyesters OH on polyesters, polycarbonates polysulfones and phenoxy NH2 on polyamides Inherent in condensation polymers... 

Recently, phase transfer catalysis has been effectively exploited in the field of synthetic organic chemistry.However, there are scant reports on the syntheses of condensation polymers by phase transfer methods. Five years ago, we started a broad investigation into the use of phase transfer catalysis (PTC) to effect polycondensation. Since then, we have successfully synthesized various types of condensation polymers with high molecular weights. For example, aromatic polysulfonate ni from aromatic disulfonyl chloride I and bisphenol II [Eq.(l)], / aromatic polyphosphonate V from phenyl-phosphonic dichloride IV and II [Eq.(2)], and aromatic polyether VII from activated aromatic dichloride VI and II [Eq.(3)]. ... 

It is clear from these results that the application of phase transfer catalyzed synthesis to polycondensation has high potential value. With the proper choice of conditions, activated dihalides react readily with divalent nucleophiles including bisphenols, dithiols, and active methylene compounds in organic solvent-aqueous alkaline solution system to yield various types of condensation polymers such as polysulfonates, polyphosphonates, polyethers,7 polysulfides,S 10,18,19 and carbon-carbon chain polymers.14,15... 

Keywords Condensation polymers Fuel cells Phosphorylation Polyelectrolytes Polyphosphazenes - Polysulfones Proton exchanging membranes... 

Besides polysulfones, syntheses of polysulfonates also are known. For example, the condensation of diphenylether-4,4 -disulphonyl chloride and 4,4 dihydroxydiphenyl generates the polymer with the following structure ... 

Numerous examples exist of combining CRP methods with other polymerization techniques for preparation of block copolymers. Non-living polymerization methods like condensation, free-radical, and redox processes can easily be combined with CRP to produce novel materials. Transformation chemistry may be the only route to incorporate polymers like polysulfones (as described above), polyesters, or polyamides that are prepared solely through condensation processes into subsequent CRP to form block copolymers with vinyl monomers. The same can be said of polymers prepared through coupling techniques, like po-ly(phenylenevinylene) and poly(methylphenylsilylene), which can maintain their conductive or photoluminescence properties, but become easier to process... 

Several types of polymers based on 2,6-DCP and its derivatives have been previously prepared. These include polyphenylene oxides (2) from reaction of 2,6-dichloro-4-bromophenol, polysulfonates (3 ) based on 2,6-dichloro-4-benzene sulfonyl chloride, emd polyesters (4) formed via condensation of 3,5-dichloro-4-... 

The durable thermo-stable polysulfones of high melt fluidity can be obtained by means of polycondensation of the mix of phenols of l,3-bis(4-hy-droxy-l-isopropylidenephenyl and bisphenol A with 4,4 -dichlordimethylsul-fone in the presence of anhydrous potassium carbonate in the environment of dimethylformamide at temperature 166 °C. The solution of the polymer is condensed in MeOH, washed by water and dried out at 150 °C in vacuum. The polysulfone has 0.5 dL/g (1% solution in dimethylformamide at 25 °C) [176]. 

Kampf Rudolf (2006). The Method for Producing Polymers by Means of Condensation in Melt (Polyamides, Polysulfones, Polyarylates etc) Germany Patent Application 102004034708. International Patent Catalogue C 08 P 85/00. 

Various synthetic approaches have been demonstrated for the synthesis of PAEs since early days [35 0], PAEs were synthesized by Ullmann condensation between bisphenols and aryl fcis-halide monomers using Cu(I) salt/pyridine as catalyst [36], General Electric developed the first commercially successful PAE poly(2,6-dimethyl phenylene oxide) (PPO) [38], It was prepared by oxidative coupling of 2,6-dimethyI phenol. However, this process has its own restrictions, because it does not allow much structural variation or inclusion of any electron-withdrawing group into the polymer main chain. First attempts to synthesize polysulfones (PSF) were successfully done by Friedel-Crafts sulfonylation reaction of arylenedisulfonyl chlorides, for example, diphenyl ether-4,4 -disulfonyl chloride with diaryl ethers, for example, diphenyl ether, or by self-condensation of 4-phenoxy benzene sulfonyl chloride in the presence of FeCls [41], Whereas the former reaction involves side reactions (sulfonylation not only in the para- but also in the ort/io-position), the latter produces only the desired linear all-para products. 

Removal of water from hygroscopic polymers (e.g., ABS, PMMA, PA, PC, SAN, CA, PU, PPO, polysulfone) all polymer particles can have surface moisture left from underwater pelletizing or surface condensation from storage at varying temperatures and relative humidity. 

Polysulfone Condensation Solution Solution of polymers and monomers in monochlorobenzene with a suspended NaCl phase 25.1 24 NaCl... 

TGtrathiafulvaiGnG PolynriGrS. TTF and its derivatives form highly conductive anisotropic (quasi one-dimensional) charge-transfer complexes and radical cation salts. To obtain materials with three-dimensional conductivity, good processability, and film-forming properties, the polymeric forms of TTF are prepared. TTF can be incorporated into the polymer backbones via condensation to polyesters, polyamides, polyurethanes, and polysulfonates (55). 

More recently, similar polysulfonates, eg, (61) and (62), prepared by conventional interfacial condensation using water-chloroform as an interface, alkali as an acid acceptor, and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide [57-09-0] as an emulsifier have thoroughly been studied (195-206). In general, the polymers possess good solubility in common solvents, good acid and alkali resistance, thermal stabilities of up to 355°C, and tensile strength of up to 20 MPa (199). 

While most of noncellulosic membranes rely on the selectivity of glassy polymers such as polysulfone, the Ube Gas Separation System is based on poly-imide produced by condensation polymerization of biphenyltetracarboxylic di-anhydride and aromatic diamines. The chemical formula of the polymeric ma-... 

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