Computational fluid dynamics methodology

The key reactive separation topics to be addressed in the near future are a proper hydrodynamic modeling for catalytic internals, including residence time distribution account and scale-up methodology. Further studies on the hydrodynamics of catalytic internals are essential for a better understanding of RSP behavior and the availability of optimally designed catalytic column internals for them. In this regard, the methods of computational fluid dynamics appear very helpful. 

In the microfluid dynamics approaches the continuity and Navier-Stokes equation coupled with methodologies for tracking the disperse/continuous interface are used to describe the droplet formation in quiescent and crossflow continuous conditions. Ohta et al. [54] used a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach to analyze the single-droplet-formation process at an orifice under pressure pulse conditions (pulsed sieve-plate column). Abrahamse et al. [55] simulated the process of the droplet break-up in crossflow membrane emulsification using an equal computational fluid dynamics procedure. They calculated the minimum distance between two membrane pores as a function of crossflow velocity and pore size. This minimum distance is important to optimize the space between two pores on the membrane... 

Although considerable advances have been made both in understanding the basic aspects of slurry bubble column reactors (SBCR) and in developing rational design procedures, computational fluid dynamics (CFD) - assisted design methodology for reactor optimization is sparse. 

This chapter provides an introduction to SOFC technology for stationary power generation. A 2D numerical model is developed by coupling the computational fluid dynamics (CFD) methodology with the electrochemical and chemical reaction kinetics. The rates of chemical reaction and electrochemical reaction as well as corresponding reaction heats are implemented in the CFD model as source terms. 

A single set of conservation eqnations valid for both porous electrodes and the free electrolyte region is derived and nnmerically solved using a computational fluid dynamics technique. This numerical methodology is capable of simulating a two-dimensional cell with the fluid flow taken into consideration. The motion of the liquid electrolyte is governed by the Navier-Stokes equation with the Boussinesq approximation and the continuity equation as follows ... 

Oberkampf, W.L. and Trucano, T.G., 2000. Validation Methodology in Computational Fluid Dynamics, SAND 2000-1656C, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM. 

The preceding two chapters review briefly the fundamentals of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and computational heat transfer (CHT) for predicting the fluid velocity and temperature profiles as well as the relevant parameters for a specified process such methodologies have been applied to the engineering and scientific areas with success. 

In section 14.2.3.1 we saw that macroscopic fire models have been developed to treat the problem of heat conduction in three dimensions, (see [29]), so that the methodology and software for creating such models is already well-established. Computational fluid dynamics, CFD, and finite element/volume, (FE/FV), techniques are specifically designed to deal with problems of heat transfer in solids and bulk fluids, and are, at present, almost standard tools within the process industries as aids to chemical reactor visualization and design. However,... 

Mass transfer processes are complicated, usually involving turbulent flow, heat transfer, multiple phases, chemical reactions, unsteady operation, as well as the influences from internal construction of the equipment and many other factors. To study such complicated system, we propose a novel scientific computing framework in which all the relevant equations on mass transfer, fluid-dynamics, heat transfer, chemical reactions, and all other influencing factors are involved and solved numerically. This is the main task and research methodology of computational mass transfer (CMT). 

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