Composition, biomass relationship

Fenchel T, King G, Blackburn FI (1998) Bacterial biogeochemistry the ecophysiology of mineral cycling. Academic Press, London, UK Francl LJ (1993) Multivariate analysis of selected edaphic factors and their relationship to Heterodera glycines population density. J Nematol 25 270-276 Frostegard A, Tunlid A, Baath E (1993) Phospholipid fatty acid composition, biomass, and activity of microbial comunities from two soil types experimentally exposed to different heavy metals. Appl Environ Microbiol 59 3605-3617... 

In this way, the near-linear chlorophyll-phosphorus relationship in lakes depends upon the outcome of a large number of interactive processes occurring in each one of the component systems in the model. One of the most intriguing aspects of those components is that the chlorophyll models do not need to take account of the species composition of the phytoplankton in which chlorophyll is a constituent. The development of blooms of potentially toxic cyanobacteria is associated with eutrophication and phosphorus concentration, yet it is not apparent that the yield of cyanobacterial biomass requires any more mass-specific contribution from phosphorus. The explanation for this paradox is not well understood, but it is extremely important to understand that it is a matter of dynamics. The bloom-forming cyanobacteria are among the slowest-growing and most light-sensitive members of the phytoplankton. ... 

In spite of all of this variety of approaches, covering a wide array of metabolism pathways, limitations also exist. Differences in the vulnerability of biofilms have been found to depend on the age, community composition and succession status of the community. In dense biofilms the transfer of contaminants may be limited, resulting in decreased bioavailable concentrations of nutrients or toxicants for the algae. Biofilms show an inverse relationship between metal toxicity and biomass accrual [26], and a similar relationship has been established with nutrients. Therefore, the colonisation time or biofilm thickness are relevant factors to be included in the procedure uses. 

Sader, S. A. 1987. Forest biomass, canopy struture and species composition relationships with multipolarization L-band syntetic aperture radar data, Photogrammetric Engineering and Remote Sensing. 53(2) 193-202. 

What are unambiguous ways to study biomass composition and its relationship to pyrolysis rate and products Are traditional, operational definitions of composition such as cellulose, Klason or Kraft lignin, and extractives weight fraction useful What other composition metrics are useful especially as under-utilized or transgenic biomass species are examined ... 

Figure 7. The depletion of C in lipids relative to biomass as a function of cellular composition, where XcProt, XcLip, and Xcsacch are the mole fiactions of carbon in proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, respectively (see Eqn. 5 and related discussion). The indicated relationships are based on isotopic mass-balance requirements and on concepts outlined by Laws (1991). The cross marked Redfield (Anderson) indicates the position of cells with C/NfP = 106/16/1 but with lower (and much more realistic) abundances of H and O than those specified by the conventional Redfield formula (Anderson 1995).

The simplest way of describing the ehemieal nature of biomass is by its elemental composition. For marine phytoplankton as primary producers a relationship was found to the nutrients available in seawater whieh led to the definition of the Redfield ratio as C N P = 106 16 1 (Redfield et al. 1963). Derived from this is an average molecular formula of phytoplankton organic matter related to the general process of phytosynthesis (of which the reverse signifies remineralization) ... 

CordierJ-L, Butsch BM, Birou B, et al The relationship between elemental composition and heat of combustion of microbial biomass, Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 25(4) 305-312, 1987. 

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