Composite fibers photomicrograph

Dispersion of PS-fibrils in as-spun PP/PS 92/8 composite fibers, SEM photomicrographs in longitudinal section. PS phase is etched out with xylene at room temperature. (From Q. Xing, M. Zhu, Y. Wang, Y. Chen, Y. Zhang, J. Pionteck, and H. J. Adler, Polymer 46(14), 5406-5416,2005. With permission.)... 

Figure 12, Photomicrograph of a Type 4a solution coated, 17 denier, bi-layer composite fiber at 500X magnification (BASF),...

FIGURE 12.11 Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photomicrographs of the tensile fracture surface of the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer (EPDM) rubber-melamine fiber composites. A, before ageing and B, after ageing at 150°C for 48 h. Test specimen is cut in tbe direction parallel to the milling direction. (From Rajeev, R.S., Bhowmick, A.K., De, S.K., Kao, G.J.P., and Bandyopadhyay, S., Polym. Compos., 23, 574, 2002. With permission.)... 

Figure 8. Montage of photomicrographs showing crack propagation through the matrix and between plies and fibers in a flexure test of a 2D composite.

Pseudomorphs on a bronze Shang Dynasty halberd (ca. 1300 b.c.) were subjected to mineralogical analysis to determine their structure and composition. X-Ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive analysis of x-rays were used in these analyses. Photomicrographs of pseudomorphs also were studied for fiber, yam, and fabric formations that give evidence of textiles. A model describing the process of silk pseudomorph formation was proposed. 

Figure 3.11 is a photomicrograph of a typical asymmetric hollow fiber with the skin on the inside wall. Hollow fibers for UF have the skin on the inside whereas hollow fibers for RO are smaller and have the skin on the outside. This is because of the high pressure required in RO commercially available fibers cannot withstand internel pressures up to 400 psi and above. Thus, for RO, the feed stream is pressurized on the outside of the fiber, and the permeate flows from the lumen of the fiber (see Figure 3.12). Actually, considerable research effort has been spent in developing composite hollow fibers for RO which can withstand internal pressures up to 900 psi because, as we shall see, flowing the feed stream down the lumen of the fiber greetly reduces concentration polarization effects.

The ESEM photomicrographs of tensile fractured treated PGNC embedded in PP matrix (Figure 7.6) buttress the feeble fiber-matrix adhesion in the treated composites. The presence of crack is undoubtedly discernible in... 

Orientation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) in melt-spun fibers produced from a melt-compounded polycarbonate composite with 2 wt% MWNT using different take-up velocities TEM photomicrographs of thin sections of the fibers prepared along the fiber axis (assigned by the arrows). In all images the cut direction is 35° to the fiber axis. Varied is the take-up velocity (drawdown ratio, ddr, in brackets). (A) 50 m/min (ddr = 7.8) (B) 200 m/min (ddr = 31.4) (C) 400 m/min (ddr = 62.8) and (D) 800 m/min (ddr = 126). (From P. Potschke, H. Brunig, A. Janke, D. Fischer, and D. Jehnichen, Polymer 46,10355-10363,2005. With permission.)... 

Figure 8.7 SEM photomicrographs of fracture surfaces of PALF-natural rubber composites containing (a) untreated (b) 5% NaOH-treated pineapple fibers (8).

F. Heutllng, H. E. Franz, K. Friedrich (1998) Photomicrographic fracture analysis of the delamination propagation in cyclic loaded thermosetting carbon fiber-reinforced composites, Materialwissenschaften und Werkstoffiechnik 29, 239 (in German). 

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