Compositae achillea

The genus Achillea (Compositae) has provided a large variety of amides derived from long-chain unsaturated acids. Investigations by Bohlmann and coworkers led to the isolation of the following bases tetradeca-(2E, 6E, %E, 122)-tetraen-10-ynoic acid 2, 3 -dehydropyrrolideide (38) from A. tomentosa L. (77),... 

Achillea, Milfoil yarrow thousand-leaf. Flowering herb of Achillea millefolium L Compositae. Habit. Europe, Asia, naturalized in U.S. Extensively used as herbal remedy by many cultures. Constituents of plant and of the... 

The prevalence of isobutylamine, pyrrolidine and piperidine as the amine component of amides from numerous species of Piper has been noted, and is clearly evident in Tables 1 and 2. In a 1973 paper, Bohlmatm [14] speculated on the biosynthetic origins of the amine moieties of some amides belonging to the same class isolated from Achillea spp. (Compositae). He drew attention to the strong probability that the isobutylamine component, where present, would be derived from valine. He proposed, further, that the piperidine portion of the amide 10(n=4), and other piperidyl amides, is biosynthesized via pipecolic acid (now known to be most commonly derived from D-lysine [13]), and that lysine (configuration unspecified) is the progenitor of the piperideine ring embodied in 14 and 18 [14]. 

An interesting series of polyunsaturated amides (109-113) have been isolated from Achillea ptarmica (Compositae) (95). 

A, Castanea sativa B, Tilia sp. C, Robinia pseudo acacia-, D, Leguminosae-, E, Onobrychis viciaefolia-, F, Umbelliferae-, G, Trifolim sp. H, Taraxacum officinale-, O, Others (Achillea millefolium, Lotus corniculatus, Satureja montana, Prunus sp., Rubus sp., Crataegus sp., Sinapis sp., Brassicaceae, Compositae, Gramineae, Rosaceae). 

Hausen, B.M., J. Breuer, J. Weglewski, and G. Rucker. 1991. alpha-Peroxyachifolid and other new sensitizing sesquiterf)ene lactones from yarrow (Achillea millefolium L., Compositae). Contact Dermat. 24<4) 274-280. 

Unlu M, Daferera D, Donmez E, PoUssiou M, Tepe B, Sokmen A (2002) Compositions and the in vitro antimicrobial activities of the essential oils of Achillea setacea and Achillea teretifolia (Compositae). J Ethnopharmacol 83(1-2) 117-121... 

Steinlesberger, H., 2002. Investigations on progenies of crossing exeriments of Bulgarian and Austrian yarrows (Achillea millefolium agg., Compositae) with focus on the enantiomeric ratios of selected Monoterpenes. Dissertation, University of Veterinary Medicine, Wien, Austria. 

Vetter, S., C. Franz, S. Glasl, U. Kastner, J. Saukel, and J. Jurenitsch, 1997. Inheritance of sesquiterpene lactone types within the Achillea millefolium complex (Compositae). PlantBmedj] 116 79-82. 

Source Achillea millefolium L. (Family Compositae or Asteraceae). 

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