Commercialization readiness, determination

Acylation of various oxygen functions by use of common and commercially available fluonnated carboxylic acid denvatives such as trifluoroacetic anhydride or the corresponding acyl halides have already been discussed sufficiently in the first edition [10] Therefore only exceptional observations will be described in this section In the past 15 years, many denvatizations of various nonfluonnated oxygen compounds by fluoroacylation were made for analytical purposes. Thus Mosher s acid chlorides for example became ready-to-use reagents for the determination of the enantiomeric purity of alcohols and amines by NMR or gas-liquid chromatographic (GLC) techniques [//] (equation 1)... 

The three primary points of concern with the on sale aspect of 102(b) are whether a sale or offer for sale has actually occurred, whether the invention was ready for patenting, and whether the sale was primarily commercial or experimental.31 Whether a sale or offer for sale has actually occurred can be determined by contract law. 

One way to increase the range of measurement may be in the use of light scattering (Doppler electrophoresis) to determine particle velocities. Such methods are used in contemporary commercially available analytical particle electrophoresis apparatuses. However, presently available equipment is not designed for ready exchange (replacement) of chamber surfaces for electro-osmosis studies. 

From a charter and funding standpoint no organization has more motive for commercializing R D than the Department of Energy. DOE S commercialization committee has analyzed various R D technologies for five months to determine which were ready for commercialization. The results are summarized in figure 2. 

Discount Rate - The interest rate at which the Federal Reserve System stands ready to lend reserves to commercial banks. The rate is proposed by the 12 Federal Reserve banks and determined with the approval of the Board of Governors. 

Because precise determinations of minute D- or L-concentrations in an excess of the other enantiomer become more and more important, the quantitation of TLC-separated antipodes was treated explicitly further optimization of separation parameters and detection by fluorescence should enable improvement of the present detection limit of >0.1% D- or L-component. Here it is worth mentioning that until today only the layers based on LEC with the 4-hydroxyproline selector are generally accepted and these are the only ready-to-use plates commercially available on the market. 

Errington knew that Johns was close to finishing his machine and was determined to get Eldorado s into operation before the one in Saskatoon. This was not simply because he was competitive by nature - although he was that. There was a more practical reason. Errington knew full well the commercial value of the publicity that he could generate by finishing first. Indeed, he managed a small publicity coup well before the teletherapy unit was ready for operation. He shipped a model of the... 

To control the microbiological situation, sometimes a full count of microbe species at different locations is required, rather than determination of the presence of certain microbial groups like sHme-forming species, fungi, yeasts, anaerobic bacteria, etc. Conventional methods for identification of microbes include enumeration and screening of individual species isolated from count plates on selective media. Ready-made plates are available for the selection of different types of microbes. Commercial identification systems for industry and medical purposes, based on numerous biochemical tests or other characteristics, are available, including a database that covers practically aU groups of bacteria. 

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