Column durability tests

As shown in Figure 11, before extensive validation, the performance of the method is evaluated appropriately. Column durability tests, robustness testing for the chromatographic and sample preparation conditions, analytical method evaluation ring tests (AMERTs), method capability assessments, and pre-validation studies are applied to... 

A suitable, globally available HPLC column should be used in accordance with the manufacturer s specifications and its durability should be tested using the specified test conditions. An alternative column to be used in the method should be considered and appropriately validated. The initial pressure for a typical new column of 15-cm length and 5- um particles, using typical HPLC conditions like a flow rate of 0.5-1.0mL and ordinary buffer systems should be <200 bars. 

LC columns are fairly durable unless they are used in some manner that is intrinsically destructive, as, for example, with highly acidic or basic eluents, or with continual injections of inadequately purified biological samples. It is wise to inject some test mixture into a column when new, and to retain the chromatogram. If questionable results are obtained later, the test mixture can be injected again under the specified conditions. The two chromatograms may be compared to establish whether the column is still useful. 

High-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) allows the separation of soluble materials into component parts based on the partitioning of the materials between a mobile (solvent) and stationary (column packing) phase. With proper choice of solvent and column packing, separation of many types of materials is possible. HPLC has been used successfully to determine reagent residues on fabrics treated with durable press finishes as well as detennining formaldehyde levels in aqueous solutions obtained by the AATCC Test Method 112. ... 

A force sensor combines a structure that responds to force changes with a sensor that converts these changes into a signal. A torque sensor similarly consists of a torsion or tension element detector, but it also has to transmit the force. Consider the torque for a electric power steering system any failure would immediately mean loss of control of the vehicle, so this must be avoided under all circumstances. Steering column torque requires careful finite element calculation, durability and performance testing to failure, and validation. 

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