Columbia University, 194 School Mines

Columbia University Schools of Mines, Engineering, and Chemistry, Engineering and Scientific Paper No. 4, New York, Columbia University, 1921. 

P. SOMASUNDARAN Henry Krumb School of Mines Columbia University New York, New York... 

Castner, Hamilton Young — (Sep. 11, 1858, Brooklyn, New York, USA - Oct. 11,1899, Saranac Lake, New York, USA) Castner studied at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and at the School of Mines of Columbia University. He started as an analytical chemist, however, later he devoted himself to the design and the improvement of industrial chemical processes. He worked on the production of charcoal, and it led him to investigate the Devilles aluminum process. He discovered an efficient way to produce sodium in 1886 which made also the production of aluminum much cheaper. He could make aluminum on a substantial industrial scale at the Oldbury plant of The Aluminium Company Limited founded in England. However, - Hall and - Heroult invented their electrochemical process which could manufacture aluminum at an even lower price, and the chemical process became obsolete. Castner also started to use electricity, which became available and cheap after the invention of the dynamo by - Siemens in 1866, and elaborated the - chlor-alkali electrolysis process by using a mercury cathode. Since Karl Kellner (1851-1905) also patented an almost identical procedure, the process became known as Castner-Kellner process. Cast-... 

He was given many awards and honors including Nichols Medal (1915 and 1920) Hughes Medal (1918) Rumford Medal (1921) Cannizzaro Prize (1925) Perkin Medal (1928) School of Mines Medal (Columbia University, 1929) Chardler Medal (1929) Willard Gibbs Medal (1930) Popular Science Monthly Award (1932) Franklin Medal and Holly Medal (1934) John Scott Award (1937) Modern Pioneer of Industry (1940) Faraday Medal (1944) and Mascart Medal (1950). He was a foreign member of the Royal Society of London, a fellow of the American Physical Society, and an honorary member of the British Institute of Metals and the Chemical Society (London). He served as president of the American Chemical Society and as president of the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He received over a dozen honorary degrees. 

After September 1988 Department of Materials Science, Heniy Knimb School of Mines, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027... 

George John Lyon graduated in 1899 with the BSc degree from University of Nebraska, Lincoln NE, and received in 1904 the CE degree fix)m School of Mines, Columbia University, New York NY. After work with railroad companies, he became in 1904 professor of civil engineering at Colorado College,... 

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