Collagen sources

Collagen source Solvent Cx( 30,U>) a/P Weight ratio Refer- ence... 

The development of this fanned appearance often depends on the individual collagen source. It was readily obtained in certain kangaroo tendon and elastoidin samples, and many other dry preparations showed at least some tendencies in the same direction. Apparently, the excellence of the development of fanning is a function of variables involving the previous history of a sample, the degree of hydration permitted prior to final drying under tension, the tension then applied, etc. (23). 

Isolation of Collagen from Collagenous Sources 1,14.0,904 (Ger.) 196.3 Nishihara... 

Nashihara, T. (1963) Isolation of collagen from collagenous sources. Ger. Pat. 1,145,904. 

Additionally, there are cellulose casings, made from cotton linters collagen casings, made from a collagen source, such as the corium layer of beef hide and plastic netting made of polyethylene threads. 

M.p. 190-192 C. The enolic form of 3-oxo-L-gulofuranolactone. It can be prepared by synthesis from glucose, or extracted from plant sources such as rose hips, blackcurrants or citrus fruits. Easily oxidized. It is essential for the formation of collagen and intercellular material, bone and teeth, and for the healing of wounds. It is used in the treatment of scurvy. Man is one of the few mammals unable to manufacture ascorbic acid in his liver. Used as a photographic developing agent in alkaline solution. 

The diet of the 19 century residents of Upper Canada was determined from historical sources and was reproduced in order to carry out chemical analysis. Stable carbon isotope analysis of food and human bone demonstrates that the spacing between the food eaten and the bone collagen is around 5.6%o. The value may vary slightly from this estimate since the latter is based on a reconstructed diet and a large number of bone samples, which exhibit a small amount of variation. Nevertheless, this empirically derived result agrees well with estimates from field (Vogel 1978), and laboratory studies (reviewed in Ambrose 1993). 

On the other hand, the scrambled model of carbon sourcing does not seem to be applicable when we consider the metabolic fate of fatty acids. We find that there are partial barriers to the movement of FA-derived carbon atoms into the synthesis of proteins. This partial restriction leads us to expect a trophic level effect in the fractionation between collagen and bone apatite or respired CO2 of which apatitic carbonate is a sample. The magnitude of the fractionation depends on two separate fractionation factors which cannot be disentangled by analyses of bone samples alone. 

Table 12,2. Experimental conditions, mean 5 N values and diet-tissue and tissue-tissue dilTerence values (A N) of rats not subjected to water stress and/or heat stress, Diet 8 N values are those of the protein source rather than the whole diet pellets. SD = standard deviation, co-d = collagen-diet, h-d = hair-dici, f-d = flesh-diet, co-f = collagen-flesh. 

This consists of absorbable strands of collagen derived fiom mammahan tissue, particularly the intestine of sheep. Because of its source, it is particularly prone to bacterial contamination, and even anaerobic spores may be found in such material. 

All the tannins readily react with proteins, forming insoluble, stable compounds when they react with collagen, the main constituent of animal skin, they form leather, a material that is resistant to hydrolysis, oxidation, and biological attack and therefore stable to weathering and resistant to decomposition. Since tannins from different plant sources have different chemical compositions, each tannin used for tanning skin produces a leather having slightly different properties and color. Tannins that have... 

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