Colas Groupe

Source Adapted from Chappat M. and J. Bilal, The Environmental Road of the Future Life Cycle Analysis, Energy Consumption and Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Colas Group, http //www.colas.com/FRONT/COLAS/upload/com/pdf /route-future-english.pdf, 2003. 

I m talking to Coca-Cola, and that s my dream, said the man next to me to his group, a cocktail in front of each of them. 

The complexity of the mixtures made it impossible to define the chemical composition so the commercial preparations were divided into four groups (Table 8.2) on the basis of a series of sophisticated chemical assay procedures. Caramel colorants must be compatible with the food products in which they are used, which usually means the absence of flocculation and precipitation in the food. These undesirable effects result from charged macromolecular components of caramel which react with the food. Hence the net ionic charge of the caramel macromolecules at the pH of the intended food product is the prime determinant of compatibility. Caramel colorants are used in a variety of foods (Table 8.2) but over 80% of the caramel produced in the US is used to color soft drinks particularly colas and root beers. 

In 1993 Meijer et al. and Miilhaupt et al. almost simultaneously accomplished the preparative synthesis of higher generation monodisperse POPAM dendrimers on the basis of this principle [6]. Thanks to their terminal amino groups, POPAM dendrimers can readily be per-functionalised. Thus Balzani, De Cola,... 

Colas C, Kuo JM, Ortiz de Montellano PR (2002) Asp225 and Glu375 in autocatalytic attachment of the prosthetic heme group of lactoperoxidase. J Biol Chem 277 7191-7200... 

Colas C, Ortiz de Montellano PR (2004) Horseradish peroxidase mutants that autocataly-tically modify their prosthetic heme group. Insights into mammalian peroxidase heme-protein covalent bonds. J Biol Chem 279 24131-24140... 

CoLa(NCO)2 (L = 3- or 4-cyanopyridine) which contain Co——Co bridges (557), the cyanate groups are N-bonded and monodentate. Measurements have been made of various thermodynamic parameters associated with the formation and the thermal decomposition of Copy4(NC0)2 241, 451, 496, 500). 

In most cases, the metal atoms are in fact end groups necessary to define a starting site and an arrival site, while the spacer is usually purely organic. The concept of a molecular wire requires something to be transferred between these two sites more efficiently than if the two sites were separated by empty space. The present chapter will deal essentially with electron (or hole) transfer, but the related topic of energy transfer (treated extensively in Part 1, Chapter 3 of this volume) will be also evoked. Representative examples of electron and energy transfer in polynuclear transition metal complexes can also be found in recent reviews by Juris, Balzani et al. [3a] and by De Cola and Belser [3b. ... 

A very interesting series has been prepared and studied by Balzani, Belser, De Cola and co-workers [82], in which Ru(bpy)3 and Os(bpy)3 end groups are connected by three, five or seven phenylene units, the metal-metal distance ranging from 24 to 42 A. Energy transfer is deduced from the observed quenching of the Ru(II) phosphorescence, with a parallel sensitization of the Os(II) phosphorescence. Energy transfer rate constants vary from 6.7 x 10 s for n = 3 to 1.3 x 10 s for = 7 at 293 K in acetonitrile, and a decay rate of —0.32 A was established for the rate constants, corresponding to -0.16 A for the matrix elements. 

Group 4 (Gianturco et a/., Coca-Cola) was the first to identify caramel compounds such as cyclic ketones and to reveal the organoleptic interest of pyrazines, furans and pyrroles. 

CMMS, see Computerized maintenance management systems CMO (chief maintenance officer), 1621 CMs (configuration mechanisms), 691 CMS Research Inc., 2458 CNC lathe programming, 1032-1034 CNMA (Communications Network for Manufacturing Applications), 165 Coaching, 938 Coalitions (group), 2211 Coal miners pneumoconiosis, 1169 Coca-Cola, 2135 Cochran s test, 2255... 

Coca-Cola Enterprises Inc. (CCE) was spun out of the Coca-Cola Company in 1986. The goal was to consolidate the many independent bottling groups in the Coca-Cola system. The secondary goal was to improve the asset efficiency of the parent company. On Eebruary 24,2010, just four years after the creation of CCE, the Coca-Cola Company and CCE entered talks to sell CCE s North American division to Coca-Cola. Coca-Cola paid more than 15 billion dollars to reacquire CCE in North America, including redemption of Coca-Cola s 35 percent shareholding in CCE. 

De Cola reported homo- and heterodinuclear systems in which the metallic fragments [Ru(bipy)3] and [Os(bipy)3] are bridged by a dithienylperfluorocyclopentene molecular switch, a phenylene group being used as a spacer [68-70]. 

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