Coke gas

In order to calculate the same area results as the above noted charts for methane, propane, coke gas, and hydrogen, the following equation is presented by NFPA-68 [27] ... 

Figure 7-63C. Venting nomograph for coke gas. Reprinted with permission, NFPA 68-1988, Deflagration Venting, (1988) National Fire Protection Association, Quincy, MA 02269. See note Figure 7-63A.

Naphthalene is produced from coal tar or petroleum. It is made from petroleum by dealkylation of methylnaphthalenes in the presence of hydrogen at high temperature and pressure. Petroleum was a major source of naphthalene until the 1980s, but now most naphthalene is produced from coal tar. The pyrolysis of bituminous coal produces coke and coke oven gases. Naphthalene is condensed by cooling the coke gas and then separated from the gas. Naphthalene production in the United States is slightly greater than 100,000 tons annually. 

The principal source of aromatic compounds is coal tar, produced as a by-product in the manufacture of coke. Gas tar, of which much smaller quantities are produced, also contains these same materials. Aromatic hydrocarbons occur in nature in Borneo and other petroleums, and they may be prepared artificially by stripping hydrogen atoms from the cycloparaffins which occur in Caucasus petroleum and elsewhere. They are also produced from paraffin hydrocarbons by certain processes of cracking, and it is to be expected that in the future aromatic compounds will be produced in increasing quantity from petroleum which does not contain them in its natural state. 

Continuous contact coking a thermal conversion process in which petroleum-wetted coke particles move downward into the reactor in which cracking, coking, and drying take place to produce coke, gas, gasoline, and gas oil. 

Today s coke plant gas purification processes are mostly carried out under atmospheric pressure, employing a circulated ammonia-based absorbent. The consumption of the external solvent is reduced via the use of ammonia available in the coke gas (138). An example of innovative purification processes is the ammonia hydrogen sulfide circulation scrubbing (ASCS) (Figure 17), in which the ammonia contained in the raw gas dissolves in the NH3 absorber and then the absorbent saturated with the ammonia passes through the H2S absorber to selectively absorb the H2S and HCN components from the coke gas. The next step is the thermal regeneration of the absorbent with the steam in a two-step desorption plant, whereas a part of the deaciditied water is fed back into the H2S absorber (25). 

The dynamic behavior of the coke gas purification process has been investigated systematically (139,140,145). For instance, local perturbations of the gas load and its composition have been analyzed. A significant dynamic parameter is represented by the liquid holdup. Figure 20 demonstrates the changes of the solvent composition after a decrease of the gas-flow rate from 67 m3/h to 36.4 m3/h and a simultaneous small increase in the liquid-flow rate. 

This is the so-called coke gas generator, where coke is burned with reduced oxygen supply, producing a combustible mixture of CO and H2 (and some C02 and H20), which burned in the muffle under addition of air. 

Natural gas faced an easy task, since its markets could build on city gas or coke gas infrastructures natural gas burner equipment and the gas turbine were added, and in these days the fuel cell is being developed as another opening valve for hydrogen rich natural gas or coal gas or biogas or - finally, pure hydrogen. 

The reduced coke, gas and hydrogen make of these types of catalysts open the road to a significant increase in resid processing. 

In this section, four examples illustrating the application of the rate-based modeling approach discussed above are presented. First three reactive absorption processes -namely absorption of NOx, coke gas purification and CO2 absorption by aqueous... 

Pilot-plant experiments have been carried out at real process conditions in the coke plant August Thyssen (Duisburg, Germany). The DN 100 pilot column (Fig. 9.11) was made from stainless steel and equipped with about 4 m of structured packing (Sulzer MELLAPAK 350Y), three liquid distributors, and a digital control system. Several steady-state experiments have been compared with the simulation results and supported the design optimization of the coke gas purification process [91]. 

Similar to the case of coke gas purification (see Section 9.5.2), this complex reactive absorption problem is solved by a purely numerical method. The liquid film is... 

Regarding its construction, the three-muffle oven consisted of an oven with two muffles, each with one coke gas generator, and an additional third, central muffle and other technical modifications, which we have already set out elsewhere.2... 

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