Coccolithophores production

Zondervan, I. 2007. The effects of light, macronutrients, trace metals and C02 on the production of calcium carbonate and organic carbon in coccolithophores—A review. Deep-Sea Research II, 54, 521-537. 

Until recently, no comprehensive survey of DMS production by phytoplankton has been made. Single clones of various marine species have been examined and of these, the coccolithophore, Hymenomonas (ex. Cricosphaera, Syracosphaera) carterae had the highest DMS levels (10.111. 

Archer SD, Widdicombe CE, Tarran GA, Rees AP, Burkill PH (2001b) Production and turnover of particulate dimethylsulphoniopropionate during a coccolithophore bloom in the northern North Sea. Aquat Microb Ecol 24 225-241... 

Malin G, Turner S, Liss P, Holligan P, Harbour D (1993) Dimethylsulfide and Dimethylsulphoniopropionate in the Northeast Atlantic During the Summer Coccolithophore Bloom. Deep-Sea Res Part I 40 1487-1508 Malin G, Wilson WH, Bratbak G, Liss PS, Mann NH (1998) Elevated production of dimethylsulfide resulting from viral infection of cultures of Phaeocystis pouchetii. Lim-nol Oceanogr 43 1389-1393... 

Broerse A. T. C., Bmmmer G.-J. A., and Van Hinte J. E. (2000c) Coccolithophore export production in response to monsoonal upwelling off Somalia (northwestern Indian ocean). Deep-Sea Res. II47, 2179-2205. 

In general, there is relatively little data available on the relative contributions made by different planktonic calcifying organisms (i.e. coccolithophores, foraminifera, pteropods) to the global production of calcium carbonate. Estimates of the coccoUth contribution to pelagic marine carbonate... 

Ziveri, P., Young, J. R. Van Hinte, J. E. 1999. Coccolithophore export production and accumulation rates. GeoResearch Forum, 5, 41 -56. 

Coccolithophores also impact on climate in other ways, ones that are unconnected with carbon. Coccolithophores are intense producers of a chemical called dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP). The production of DMSP leads eventually (via several chemical transformations) to additional cloud condensation nuclei in the atmosphere and thereby to increased cloud cover. 

Retaining river water within man-made reservoirs also can affect water quality. For example, reservoir retention of silicate-rich river water can lead to diatom blooms within the man-made lakes and thus depletion of silicate within the river water. One result is that increased ratios of dissolved nitrate and phosphate to dissolved silica may have helped change primary production in coastal areas from diatom-based to dinoflagellates and coccolithophor-ids. One result of this altered production may be increased hypoxia in coastal and shelf waters in the north-western Black Sea and other areas off large rivers. 

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