Cocaine acute actions

The answer is local anesthetic properties it can block the initiation or conduction of a nerve impulse. It is biotransformed by plasma esterases to inactive products. In addition, cocaine blocks the reuptake of norepinephrine. This action produces CNS stimulant effects including euphoria, excitement, and restlessness Peripherally, cocaine produces sympathomimetic effects including tachycardia and vasoconstriction. Death from acute overdose can be from respiratory depression or cardiac failure Cocaine is an ester of benzoic acid and is closely related to the structure of atropine. 

These paired processes, known as initiation and adaptation, do not represent a new concept. We ve long known that taking a drug one time can have very different effects from taking it repeatedly. Perhaps the most familiar examples are the drugs of abuse. For example, the acute effect of cocaine is to produce an intense but brief euphoria. Cocaine produces this effect by enhancing neurotransmission in dopamine-activated reward circuits in the brain. These initiating effects happen very quickly in response to the action of cocaine in the synapse. 

Crack Cocaine Street Names Freebase. Mexican speedballs (crack w/ methamphetamine), roosten tornado (ovct 40 street slang terms) Use Crack is cocaine that comes in a rock crystal that can be heated and its vapors smoked. The tOTn crack ref s to the crackling sound heard when it is heated Actions CNS stimulant induces euphoria. Highly addictive Effects Acute CV or cerebrovascular emergencies (heart attack or stroke), could result in sudden death. Cocaine-related deaths are often a result of cardiac arrest or seizure followed by resp arrest (see also Cocaine)... 

FIGURE 13—4. Pharmacology of cocaine. Cocaine is a powerful inhibitor of the dopamine transporter. Blocking this transporter acutely causes dopamine to accumulate, and this produces euphoria, reduces fatigue, and creates a sense of mental acuity. Cocaine has similar but less important actions at the norepinephrine and serotonin transporters. 

Acute poisoning by local anesthetics is fairly common, especially with cocaine, and is apt to be fatal. Some accidents are due to excessive doses through mistakes or faults of technique, but the susceptibility varies greatly owing to differences of absorption and of destruction, and to varying response to the actions. Fright plays a considerable part. 

The Coca Leaf Early Use of Cocaine The Amphetamines Cocaine Epidemic II The Return of Meth Pharmacokinetics of Stimulants Mechanism of Stimulant Action Acute Effects at Low and Moderate Doses... 

Other nonreceptor site of action interactions include MAOIs - pethidine (acute dystonias), ethanol - benzodiazepines (synergisitic sedation and respiratory depression), cocaine - amphetamines (hypertensive crisis) and dihydrocodeine -morphine (the former is a partial agonist and reduces the efficacy of the full agonist). 

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