Coatings VOCs

Environmental chambers, Atmospheric chemical mechanisms, Ozone, Aromatic Hydrocarbons, Petroleum Distillates, Coatings VOCs SAPRC-99 Mechanism... 

Figure 1. Matrix of initial ROG and NOx levels in the ambient ROG surrogate - NO experiments carried out in the UCR EPA chamber. The initial ROG and NOx levels used in the base case experiments for the incremental reactivity studies of the coatings VOC emissions are also shown.

Carter, W. P. L. Main information page for Evaluation of atmospheric ozone impacts of selected coatings VOC emissions and Environmental chamber studies of VOC species in architectural coatings and mobile source emissions , http //www.certucr.edu/ carter/coatings. Last modified April 17. (2004c)... 

Uses Defoamer, air release agent for 100% UV coatings, VOC-free systems... 

Uses Styrene-actylic imparting waterproofing props, to specialty and OEM coatings on metals, concrete, plastics, wood Features Waterborne designed to replace solv.-bome resins in demanding specialty and OEM coatings VOC compliant rec. where max. resist, to water, corrosion, and UV is required... 

Uses Dispersant for low and high HLB value pigments gloss aid in solvent and water-reducible coatings, VOC compliant coatings Properties 75% solids Use Level 1-5%... 

Volatile Organics Content (VOC) - Environmental regulations impose limits on the quantity of volatile organic solvents that a coating may contain. For water-based coatings VOC in pounds/gallon is calculated as ... 

Tier II (to be implemented by 2000) calls for reducing the remaining VOC emissions from coatings by 50 percent. The reductions will be achieved by further tightening of coatings VOC content and application transfer efficiency requirements. 

Uses Defoamer, air release agent for 100% UV coatings, VOC-ftee systems, toller and curtain coating applies. food-pkg. adhesives defoamer in food-contact paper coatings/paper/paperboard... 

Uses O/w emulsifier, pigment dispersant/wetter, grinding aid. flow modifier, freeze/ thaw stabilizer, color acceptance and development enhancer, heat stabilizer for paints/coatings VOC-flee... 

Nltropropane. As much as 9100 t of 2-nitropropane once were consumed for use in coatings annually. Concern about toxicity and a general movement to low volatile organic compound (VOC) coatings have resulted in almost the complete disappearance of this use for 2-nitropropane. However, derivatives such as 2-meth5l-2-nitro-l-propanol (used in tire cord adhesive) and 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol (a pigment dispersant and buffer), have served as an outlet for 2-nitropropane production. 

Growing concerns over solvent costs and atmospheric poUution from solvent-home coatings necessitate low volatile organic compounds (VOC)... 

Reformulating to reduce HAP solvents frequently means that solvent blend costs increase. The newer blends are generally not be as effective. For example, many coatings were usually formulated using ketones as the active solvents with aromatic hydrocarbons as diluents. This combination produced the most cost-effective formulations. However, when MEK, MIBK, toluene, and xylene became HAP compounds, less-effective solvents had to be used for reformulation. Esters are the most common ketone replacements, and aUphatic diluents would replace the aromatic hydrocarbons. In this situation, more strong solvent is required compared to the ketone/aromatic formulation and costs increase. The combination of reduced VOC emissions and composition constraints in the form of HAP restrictions have compHcated the formulator s task. 

The copolymers are insoluble in water unless they are neutralized to some extent with base. They are soluble, however, in various ratios of alcohol and water, suggesting appHcations where deUvery from hydroalcohoHc solutions (149) but subsequent insolubiUty in water is desired, such as in low volatile organic compound (VOC) hair-fixative formulations or tablet coatings. Unneutralized, their Ts are higher than expected, indicating interchain hydrogen bonding (150). 

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