Coastal ocean defining

The coastal ocean is a dynamic region where the rivers, estuaries, ocean, land, and the atmosphere interact. Coastlines extend over an estimated 350,000 km worldwide, and the coastal ocean is typically defined as a region that extends from the high water mark to the shelf break. 

Both coastal areas and open oceans are found in the immense Indo-Pacific and Atlantic zones. Moving eastward, the Indo-Pacific comprises a sector from southern Japan to Natal, up to the Tuamotu and Hawaii archipelagos. The North Pacific and South Pacific are further subdivisions of the Pacific Ocean. Further zonation defines the North Atlantic (including the coastal areas fromNorth Carolina to southern Greenland in tte west, and a sector from off the coasts of Senegal to Novaya... 

While specific compounds such as siderophores have been found in natural waters, the bulk of the dissolved organic matter (DOM) is made up of relatively refractory compounds known as humic substances. These substances exhibit complex, ill-defined structures with the actual structure depending markedly on the source of the organic material. DOM in the open ocean is almost entirely authochthonous and formed by condensation, polymerisation and partial oxidation of smaller molecules such as triglycerides, sugars and amino acids and exhibits very little aromatic character [78]. In contrast, the DOM in fresh and coastal waters is largely allochthonous and derived... 

Figure 8.2 The relationship between total DON release, which is defined as the sum of DON released as a result of hoth NH4" and NO3 uptake, and NH4" regeneration in coastal and ocean systems. Model 11 regression parameters are reported in Table 8.7. The line for a hyperbolic function yields the following parameters y = 9.429Ln(x), = 0.53, n — 56. The graph includes data from...

The biogeochemical provinces of the Southern Ocean, as defined by Treguer andjacques (1992), are the Polar Front Zone, the Permanently Open Ocean Zone, the Marginal and Seasonal Ice Zones, and the Coastal and Continental Shelf Zone (Fig. 12.1). Note that the Marginal Ice Zone is a seaward subzone of the Seasonal Ice Zone delimited by the recent melting of ice, a seasonally migrating band of recendy exposed surface waters within the Seasonal Ice Zone (Moore et ah, 2000). The... 

First, let us define groundwater in a coastal context. We use the term to refer to any water that resides in the pore spaces of sediments at the land-ocean boundary. Hence, such water can be fresh terrestrially derived water that originates as... 

A significant portion of operationally defined dissolved Fe actually consists of small (0.02-0.45 xm) colloidal particles, ranging from <10% of total dissolved Fe in open ocean samples to 90% in coastal waters [52-54]. It has traditionally been assumed that dissolved Fe is equivalent to bioavailable Fe this is complicated by ligand binding, which keeps Fe in solution but not in a directly accessible form, and by the large colloidal fraction of the dissolved pool, which is not directly bioavailable [54]. 

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