Coal hydrogenation Italy

Arabia have no coal. However, Italy could produce hydrogen from solar power so could Pakistan and Saudi Arabia. And Japan is looking at the idea of eventually importing hydrogen on a massive scale from such potential low-cost producers as Canada, China, and Latin America. As Brewer observed in 1976 ... 

This Increase In domestic production has been through the direct synthetic ammonia process. As Italy has practically no coal, but has many excellent water-power resources, hydrogen for these new operations Is all being derived from the electrolysis of water,... 

Britain and Germany had the most successful synthetic fuel programs. The others were either smaller-scale operations, such as France s three demonstration plants (two coal liquefaction and one F-T), Canada s bitumen liquefaction pilot plants, and Italy s two crude petroleum hydrogenating (refining) plants, or technological failures as were Japan s five commercial-size plants (two coal liquefaction and three F-T) that produced only about 360,000 barrels of liquid fuel during the World War II years [2]. 

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