Clivia miniata

Clivia miniata Lindley Jun Zi Lian (whole plant) Clividine, miniatine, lycorine.57 Anticancer, antitumor. 

Selaginella tamarisina (Beauv.) Spring Cassia obtusifolia L., C. nomame (Sieb.) Honda Clivia miniata Lindley Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn. 

Clivia miniata, Hippeastrum hybridum, Lycoris radiata, L. longituba, L. aura, Narcissus tazetta, Zephyranthes Candida Lyonia ovalifolia... 

Eupatorium formosanum Salvia miltiorhiza Oxyria digyna Artocarpus heterophyllus Clivia miniata Mimosa invisa, M. pudica Acacia catechu Elephantopus molis Crotalaria sessiliflora Strychnos nwc-vomica... 

The stereochemical course of the allylic hydroxylation, occurring in the biosynthesis of lycorine, was further investigated in Clivia miniata plants where lycorine is present as a minor component along with large amounts of clivimine which contains clivonine (114), an alkaloid unique among the Amaryllidaceae metabolites because of its equatorial hydroxy group at C-5a. 

In Clivia miniata, O-methylnorbelladine (343) carrying 3H labels ortho to the phenolic hydroxy group of the tyramine-derived part and reference labels elsewhere is incorporated into lycorine and clivonine with the loss of both the 3H atoms. To explain this result, which contrasts with the previous one in daffodils (95), feeding experiments with [2/3-3H 5-14C]norpluviine (10) and [2a-3H 5-14C]caranine (2) were devised. The first precursor was isolated from daffodil in separate... 

The structure of clivacetine (4 R = COCH2COMe), a new alkaloid isolated from Clivia miniata, was established by spectroscopic studies and by its conversion into O-acetylclivatine [4 R = COCH2CH(OAc)Me. 3... 

TTie structure and absolute stereochemistry of brunsvigine (1 R = H) isolated from Brusvigia cooperii have been established on the basis of the X-ray crystallographic analysis of its OO -di-p-bromobenzoate. Recent n.m.r., c.d., and mass spectral studies are consistent with this assignment. Furthermore, chemical correlation of OO N-trimethylbrunsvigine picrate with 0-methyl-/3-isocrinamine metho-picrate, prepared from the known j8-isocrinamine (1 R = Me), was achieved. Hippeastrine (2) has been isolated from Clivia miniata and Hippeastrum vittatum. ... 

In Zulu traditional medicine, bulb decoctions of Brunsvigia species are used for coughs, colds, renal and liver complaints (44, 45). The southern Sotho take the bulb of B. minor for the relief of backache (44). The Xhosa use the outer skin of the bulb of B. grandiflora as a circumcision wound dressing to promote rapid healing. Roots of Clivia miniata are taken for snake bites, wounds, fever and to facilitate child birth. The leaves are used to induce labour while bulbs are used for infertility and urinary tract complaints (43, 44). 

Cmde extracts from the roots and leaves of Clivia miniata showed strong activity against Poliomyelitis, Coxsackie, Semliki forest, measles and herpes simplex virases (103). This has led to the isolation of lycorine with inhibition occurring as low as 1 pg/ ml against Poliomyelitis viras (104). The methanolic extracts of Zimbabwean Crinum macowanii also exhibited activity against exotic RNA vimses in vitro (105). 

Aqueous extracts of Clivia miniata and Crinum glaucum have caused contractions in both the uterus and ileum of guinea pigs (113, 114). 

Clivonine, C17H19NO6, was isolated from the dried rhizomes of Clivia miniata (69). The alkaloid contains a methylenedioxy and N-methyl group, but no methoxyl group or double bond. One hydroxyl function was shown by the formation of a basic monoaoetate. Clivonine... 

The epoxide (86) has been tentatively invoked to explain the unusual hydroxy-lation with inversion of configuration at C-2 of norpluviine (84) which leads to lycorine (85) in daffodils. (In Clivia miniata on the other hand hydroxylation occurs with normal retention of configuration ). It was considered that an analogous epoxide (87) could give narcissidine (88) in the manner shown by loss... 

Fig. 3. Part of a longitudinal section at right angles to the leaf surface of Clivia miniata across a wound ce epidermis cm dead cells cmc wound cambium. Shading shows the presence of alkaloid in the cells, x 270. From Molle (6).

Fuganti C, Mazza M (1972) Stereochemistry of hydroxylation in the biosynthesis of lycorine in Clivia miniata Regel. J Chem Soc Chem Commun 936-937... 

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