Clinical analysis, electrophoresis

Choudhary, G., Chakel, J., Hancock, W., Torres-Duarte, A., McMahon, G., and Wainer, I., Investigation of the potential of capillary electrophoresis with offline matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry for clinical analysis examination of a glycoprotein factor associated with cancer cachexia, Anal. Chem. 71, 855, 1999. 

E. Verpoorte, Microfluidic chips for clinical and forensic analysis, Electrophoresis, 23 (2002) 677-712. 

S.F.Y. Li and L.J. Kricka, Clinical analysis by microchip capillary electrophoresis, Clin. Chem., 52 (2006) 37-45. 

Hempe JM, Vargas A, Graver RD. Clinical analysis of structural hemoglobin variants and Hb Ale by capillary isoelectric focusing. In Petersen JR, Mohammad AA, eds. Clinical and forensic applications of capillary electrophoresis. Totowa, NJ Humana Press, 2001 145-63. 

One of the most important fields in which the rapidity of the analytical process is necessary is in vivo clinical analysis. The use of chemical sensors (amperometric or potentiometric) as array sensors has solved the problem of time, sensitivity, and selectivity. Because of the selectivity and sensitivity assured by capillary electrophoresis, it can be successfully used for highspeed DNA genotyping, as in microfabricated capillary array electrophoresis chips.237 Its capacity to analyze 12 different samples in parallel in less than 160 s has made it the method of choice for this type of analysis. 

See also Blood and Plasma. Clinical Analysis Sample Handling. Electrophoresis Isoelectric Focusing. Proteins Physiological Samples. 

See also-. Clinical Analysis Overview. Electrophoresis Clinical Applications. Immunoassays, Applications ... 

While not yet active in clinical analysis, two techniques appear to be of great interest two-dimensional (2D) maps and capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE). In 2D maps, denatured polypeptide chains are separated in two dimensions, first by surface charge (lEF) and then orthogonally by size (SDS electrophoresis). In normal human sera, for example, 600 spots are separated and detected by silver staining. 

See also Blood and Plasma. Capillary Electrophoresis Overview. Cerebrospinal Fluid. Clinical Analysis Sample Handling. Electrophoresis Principles Isoelectric Focusing Polyacrylamide Gels Clinical Applications. Immunoassays Overview. Immunoassays,... 

Amundsen, L.K. Siren, H. Immunoaffinity CE in clinical analysis of body fluids and tissues. Electrophoresis 2007, 28, 99-113. 

Liu, C.M. Clinical capillary electrophoresis on serum protein analysis. In Feasibility and Viability Report Beckman Diagnostic System Group Fullerton, California, March 28, 1992. 

Oda RP, Clark R, Katzman JA, Landers JP (1997) Capillary electrophoresis as a clinical tool for the analysis of protein in serum and other body fluids. Electrophoresis 18 1715-1723. 

When fresh or frozen tissue is used for proteomic analyses, the results cannot be related directly to the clinical course of diseases in a timely manner. Instead, researchers frequently reduce the number of interesting proteins to a manageable number and then attempt to use immunohistochemistry to understand the implications of proteomic changes in archival formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue for which the clinical course has been established.3 Unfortunately, immunohistochemistry is a semiquantitative pro-teomic method, and the choice of interesting proteins must occur without advance knowledge of the clinical course of the disease or the response to therapy. If routinely fixed and embedded archival tissues could be used for standard proteomic methods such as 2-D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry (MS), these powerful techniques could be used to both qualitatively and quantitatively analyze large numbers of tissues for which the clinical course has been established. However, analysis of archival FFPE tissues by... 

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