Clean treatment area

Casualties with severe but stable injuries or others who must be evacuated without treatment will be sent directly from the triage area to the ambulance area to be evacuated dirty. At a higher-echelon MTF, such as a hospital, where more-complete care can be provided, all casualties will be decontaminated for entry into the clean treatment area. 

Behind the contaminated receiving area and separated from it by a hotline is the clean treatment area. 

A site in northern New Jersey was to be remediated by Sybron using the ABR Hydrocarbon blend in 1995/1996. This application was an in situ soil remediation described in Case Study 1 (see D14650J, p. 21). The projected cost for the soil clean-up was approximately 11 per ton or 14.50/yd for the 35 -acre treatment area. 

Effective treatment involves freqnent diaper changes and keeping the area dry. Lukewarm water and mild soap can be nsed to clean the area thoroughly, which should then be allowed to dry. 

Clean Zone This is the treatment area inside of the emergency department or hospital where newly... 

Transfer pafienf fo clean backboard and exit into Cold Zone for rapid assessmenf, friage, and assignment to a treatment area. 

With limited resources available, the major tasks of the BAS are to provide lifesaving care and to prepare the casualty for evacuation. By necessity these must be short, simple procedures. After receiving care in a low-echelon MTF, the casualty is evacuated in a clean vehicle to a higher echelon for further care. If clean vehicles are not available, the casualty may be placed in a patient protective wrap and evacuated in a dirty vehicle (see Figure 16-42 in Chapter 16, Chemical Defense Equipment). At higher echelons, the treatment area will be located in a collective protection shelter otherwise, this should be at least 100 m upwind from the receiving area. 

At least one centralised treatment area with appropriate resources should be located in between the hot and cold zones, and ideally upwind of the incident site - the warm zone. All casualties must be evacuated through this area in order to prevent inadvertent cross-contamination from potentially dirty to established clean areas. The potential risks to medical personnel from specific chemical agents are shown in Table 5.4. 

Treatment areas must be divided into dirty and clean with a decontamination step between them. An attempt should be made to divert T3, or walking wounded, casualties to a separate area for decontamination and later treatment. 

Small Communities. Small communities and recent subdivision additions to larger communities, which have not yet been coimected to municipal coUection systems, must have a means of waste disposal. Septic tanks are a possibiHty, but require periodic servicing and cleaning. Furthermore, the soil is not always suitable for accepting the effluent. An alternative is the package plant. These units are commercially produced to serve small areas. They furnish primary treatment and some secondary treatment, and require only minimal operating supervision. Capacity can be varied as needs dictate. In general, pubHc health authorities prefer such installations instead of septic tanks. 

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