Short-necked clam

Short-necked clam, Tapes philippinarum, Tokyo Bay, Japan, 1978 ... 

A PCP-conjugate excreted by short-necked clam, Tapes philip-pinarum. into surrounding water has been also identified as the sulfate-conjugate(9). 

Materials. The following shellfish specimens were collected for toxin analysis from the northeastern part of Honshu, Japan, during the infestation period the mussel Mytilus edulis at Miyagi Prefecture, the scallop Patinopeoten yessoensis at Aomori Prefecture, the short-necked clam Tapes japonioa at Fukushima Prefecture, and Gom-phina melanaegis at Ibaraki Prefecture. 

From all these results dinophysistoxin-3 was assigned to 7-0-acyl dinophysistoxin-1 (III). Dinophysistoxin-3 was extremely vulnerable to acid, alkali and exposure to air. Leaving a dried sample, even at low temperature, easily resulted in the loss of toxicity and production of multiple spots on TLC. The presnece of this component in the mussel and two species of the short-necked clams was evidenced by liquid chromatographic analysis of intact toxin and by gas chromatographic analysis of dinophysistoxin-1 and fatty acids in the hydrolyzates. 

Suetsuna, K. (2002). Identification of antihypertensive peptides from peptic digest of the short-necked clam tapes philippinarum and the pearl oyster pinctada fucata martensii. 

Cyclopheophorbide enol (122) a nonmetalated chlorophyll a derivative was isolated from a New Zealand sponge (Darwinella oxeata) and its structure determined by X-ray measurements (113). Although 132,173-cyclopheophorbide enol (122) was first isolated from natural sources, it had previously been synthesized during a study of ring E enolization of chlorophyll derivatives (114). A new pheophorbide a-related compound named chlorophyllone a (123) was isolated from extracts of the short-necked clam Ruditapes philippinarum (115). Compound 123 exhibits antioxidative activity. 

Firstly, Takagi and Simidu (25) examined the correlation between the organic acid content of 9 species of shellfish and their taste, and found that the more palatable species were not necessarily richer in succinic acid, as exemplified by the hard clam, Meretrix lusoria. These results led them to conclude that succinic acid does not dominate the delicious taste of shellfish. Secondly, Konosu et al. (26) reported that the succinic acid content of the short-necked clam, Tapes japonica, when determined immediately after collection, was very low (20-40 mg/100 g of edible part) as compared with Aoki s value (330 mg), and that the flavor of a fresh sample was as good as that of a commercially available sample that had accumulated a large amount of succinic acid. 

BIOACCUMULATION guppy 140 ( 10 and 50 pg/L), 250 ( 800 pg/L), 599, and 706 short-necked clam 161 golden orfe 1216 carp 330 brown trout 605 will bioconcentrate slightly in fish and other aquatic organisms... 

Konosu, S., Fusetanl, N., Nose, T. and Hashlmoto, Y. Attrac-tants for eels in the extracts of short-necked clam - II. Survey of constltutents eliciting feeding behavior by fractionation of the extracts. Bull. Jap. Soc. Scl. Fish., 1968, 34, 84-87. 

Y., 1965, Constituents of the extracts and amino acid composition of the protein of short-necked clam. Bull. Jpn. Soc. Sci. Fish.,... 

Knutzen J, Sortland B (1982) Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) in some algae and invertebrates from moderately polluted parts of the coast of Norway. Water Res 16 421-428 Kobayashi K (1985) The effect of the herbicide PCP on short-necked clams and the process of detoxification. In Okutani T, Tomiyama T, Hibiya T (eds) Fisheries in Japan. Bivalves. Jpn Mar Product Photo Material Assoc, pp 161-165... 

Obana H, Hori S, Nakamura A, Kashimoto T (1983) Uptake and release of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons by short-necked clams. Water Res 17 1183-1187. 

Yamamoto, K., Sakata, K., Watanabe, N., Yagi, A., Brinen, L.S., and Clardy, J. (1992) Chlorophyllonic add A methyl ester, a new chlorophyll A related compound isolated as an antioxidant from short-necked clam, Ruditapes phdippinarum. Tetrahedron Lett., 33, 2587-2588. 

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