Citations superscript number format

The most common citation format utilizes superscript numbers. The first citation is assigned the number 1 subsequent citations continue in consecutive order throughout the text (fi etc.). The same number is used each time the identical work is cited. Thus, every time the work that is assigned the number 1 is cited, the number 1 is used, even when it is cited after works assigned higher numbers. Some useful guidelines include the following ... 

Determine the citation format that you will use throughout your written work (superscript numbers, italic numbers in parentheses, author-date, or some variation). Find out if your targeted journal, funding agency, or conference has a preference. 

Are citations and references formatted in a parallel fashion Have you used only one citation format throughout (superscript numbers, italic numbers in parentheses, or author-date format) ... 

When one uses the ideas or words of another author, proper attribution is made in the report. A mark (superscript number, number in brackets, or author name and date in parentheses) is shown in the text at the point where the work is used. The complete citation is given either in a foomote at the bottom of the page or at the end of the body of the report in a separate section. The format for the text mark and for the citation are set in the guidelines of the organization and must be followed. 

Papers are cited via a superscript or bracketed reference number inserted at the appropriate point. Normal format would be, for example computational chemistry has shown that. .. or Jones [55,82] has claimed that. .. . Repeated citations use the number from the first citation. In the true numerical method (e.g. as in Nature, Science), numbers are allocated by order of citation in the text. This is by far the most common approach in chemistry journals. Note that adding or removing references is tedious, so the numbering should be done only when the text is finalized. 

There are two ways this section can be presented. If you put it at this location in the report, it should contain only references cited in the sections of the report preceding this section. References may be listed by number and cited in the text by this number, either as a superscript or as a number in parentheses or in brackets (preferred). Another method is to cite the reference by the author and year. You should consult the end of a chapter or the end of the book in any of your chemical engineering texts for the correct citation format. If you choose this method, then any references to data sources appearing in the Appendix should appear on the page on which that calculation is presented. 

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