CIP / KIP family

The members of the CIP/KIP family inhibit all G1 phase CDK-cyclin complexes (Fig. 13.10). The inhibitors of the INK family prefentially bind to CDK4 and CDK6 complexes. 

The CDKs are divided into two groups based on sequence homology CIP/KIP family p21CIP1 (also known as CIP1, Wafl)... 

The central nervous system of the ascidian tadpole larvae consist of 370 cells with PCNA proteins in the nuclei. An antisense oligonucleotide can inhibit the PCNA mRNA. Inhibition of PCNA resulted in deformed head development with cessation of DNA synthesis and nuclear DNA fragmentation resembling programmed cell death [1094]. The drosophila or mosquito dacapo is a Cip/Kip family cell cycle inhibitoiy protein of 261aa residues (cycline-dependent kinase inhibitory protein kinase inhibitory protein). The serine-threo/any aa/glutamate/aspartic acid... 

Figure 2. Schematic representation of the activation of the cdk4/cyclin D complex during Gl. Evidence shows that CaMKIa, which can be activated by either CaMKKa or (3, activates the cdk4/cyclin D complex, leading to the phosphorylation of Rb and therefore de-repression of E2F transcription factor members. The mechanism by which CaMKI regulates cdk4/cyclin D remains to be determined. GFR, receptor for a growth factor CAK, cdk activating kinase p21/p27, members of the inhibitory Cip and Kip families, respectively E2F 1-3, transcription factors 1-3 of die E2F family Rb, Retinoblastoma protein P, phosphorylation event...

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