Chlortetra cycline

FIGURE 18.2 Ion chromatogram and the corresponding tandem mass spectra of tetracycline and chlortetra-cycline obtained for a sample of an agricnltnral soil amended with mannre, (Reprinted from Lopez de Alda, M,J, and Barcelo, D, J. Chromatogr. A, 1000, 503, 2003, Copyright 2003, With permission from Elsevier,)... 

Tetracyclines were the first broad-spectrum antibiotics and have been used successfully for decades to treat both gram-positive and gram negative bacterial infections (82). Chlortetra-cycline was the first tetracycline to be isolated, in 1948, from Streptomyces aureofaciens (83). Other common tetracyclines, such as oxytet-racycline and tetracycline, were isolated from Streptomyces sources in subsequent years. The abundance of natural, active tetracyclines, coupled with extensive synthetic alterations, provides a rich collection of compounds from which to build meaningful structure-activity relationships. As was found for the aminoglycosides, previous observations of tetracycline structure and activity can be rationalized from recent tetracycline/30S crystal structures (11,12). 

Blank H, Cullen SI, Cataland PM (1968) Photosensitivity studies with demethyl-chlortetra-cycline and doxycycline. Arch Dermatol 97 1-2 Bojs G, Moller H (1974) Eczematous contact allergy to oxytetracycline with cross-sensitivity to other tetracyclines. Berufsdermatosen 22 202-208 Boman G, Nilsson BS, Saerens EJ (1973) Protein binding of rifampicin. Scand J Respir Dis [Suppl] 84 40-44... 

The production of many secondary metabolites is stimulated by effectors which exert an induction effect. The effect of benzyl thiocyanate, stimulator of chlortetra-cycline biosynthesis (3), was investigated at the enzyme level. At a concentration of 2,10 °M, the agent increases the level of anhydrotetracycline hydratase (catalyzing the hydration of anhydrotetracycline to 5a,lla-dehy-drotetracycline) in Streptomyces aureofaciens (4). 

Aegyptianellosis - There has been no satisfactory treatment until recent-lyO for infections with the blood parasite of chickens, Aegyptianella pul-lorum, which has been shown to be sensitive to tetracycline, chlortetra-cycline, doxocycline, and oxytetracycline given either prophylactically or therapeutically p r os . 

Streptomycin sulfate Aureomycin hydrochloride Chloromycetin Terramycin dihydrate Magnamycin Ilotycin Erythrocin / Chlortetra- cycline Chloram- phenicol Oxytetra- cycline Caroomycin Erythro- mycin 800 1000 jig./mg. 1000 ng./mg. 925 ng./mg. 1000 /ug./mg. 1000 itg./mg. 

In 1948, a broad-spectrum antibiotic, chlortetra-cycline (Aureomycin), was announced from the Lederle Laboratories, Division of American Cyanamid Company. This antibiotic is produced by Streptomyces aureofaciens when grown under submerged aerobic conditions on media composed of sugar, cornsteep liquor, and mineral salts. The crystalline compound has a golden yellow color, which suggested the trade name. 

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