Chloropicrin manufacture

Industrial Agents Chemicals manufactured for industrial purposes rather than to specifically kill or maim human beings. Hydrogen cyanide, cyanogen chloride, phosgene, and chloropicrin are industrial chemicals that can be military agents as well AC, CK, CG, and PS. Many herbicides and pesticides are industrial chemicals that also can be chemical agents. 

Chemical Laboratory Report (Pic Arsn) centimeter chemical mortar court martial Canadian Manufacturers Association Chemical Corps Companhia Nacional Explo-sivos Seguran a(Brazil) Companhia Nitro Quimica Brasileira(Sao Miguel, Brazil) Canadian National Railways Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique(Fr) (National Center for Scientific Research) desgn for chloroacerophenone + chloropicrin in chlf (CWA) choking, nose, tear and blister gases(CWS) care of cobalt... 

Toxic chemicals tliat could potentially cause a major problem if accidentally released into tlie atmosphere include clilorine, hydrogen fluoride, hydrogen chloride, ammonia, chloropicrin, gasoline lead additives, vinyl cliloridc. and benzene. Hiis chapter addresses the process application of some chemicals from the foregoing list, as well as some others that are considered to be highly toxic hydrogen cyanide, sulfuric acid, and etliylene. Process considerations, physical and chemical properties, healtli effects, and metliods of manufacture of tliese chemicals are discussed in conjunction with potential causes of release. 

Chloropicrin, or trichloronitromethane, was prepared in 1848 by Stenhouse. In the war of 1914-18 it was largely employed as a war gas, more particularly as it combined a simple and economic manufacture with many of the characteristic desiderata of a war gas. 

The various methods used during the war for the manufacture of chloropicrin do not differ greatly from Hoffmann s method given above. 

Sulphuryl chloride was chiefly prepared during the war for the manufacture of methyl and ethyl chlorosulphonates, but was occasionally employed also in admixture with cyanogen chloride, phosgene or chloropicrin (Prentiss). 

Fumigation turned out to be especially useful in growing pineapples, and it came into wide use in Hawaii by the mid-i930s. Chloropicrin, until the war surplus was used up, was the agent of choice meanwhile a search went on for replacements. Research continued during the Second World War in several venues chemical manufacturers, the Agriculture Department, and the grower-financed Pineapple Research Institute all contributed. At war s... 

The interest to us is the number of shells designated for testing and the location of the impact zone. Also, note that chloropicrin was one of the agents manufactured at the AUES in sizeable quantity. Finally, the report notes that the area had been fired into previously, which loosened the dirt. Presumably, this resulted in more duds (UXO). 

Methyl bromide is a colorless liquid or gas with practically no odor. It is a poisonous gas at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. At high concentrations, it has a chloroform-like odor. Detection of lower concentrations is often facilitated by a warning odorant, chloropicrin, which is added by the manufacturer. 

Stamford, Conn Manufacture of chloropicrin. Edgewood Arsenal. 

After the armistice the service selected chloroacetophenone as the standard American tear gas. It erected a manufacturing plant at Edgewood Arsenal (1922), and developed a number of munitions for dispersing solid CN or solutions of CN in the field. The solid could be scattered from shells and grenades by means of high explosives, and volatilized from pots and candles by means of heat. Solutions of CN in chloroform (CNC), with chloropicrin in chloroform (CNS), and in carbon tetrachloride and benzene (CNB) could be thrown out by grenades, shells, and high pressure cylinders. 

Chloropicrin Agricultural fumigant, organofluoride polymers (e.g. Teflon), plastic, polymer, resin and elastomer manufacturing... 

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