Chloroethanes Thiobis

Blister agents, which cause burns on the skin such as sulfur mustard gas, l,l -thiobis[2-chloroethane] (HD), and lewisite, (2-chloroethenyl) arsenous dichloride (L). 

Brinkley et al. demonstrated89 a simple to use, easy to interpret, low cost, and environmentally friendly colorimetric detector of the chemical warfare agent - mustard gas (HD, l,l-thiobis(2-chloroethane)). An optically transparent xerogel encapsulating Cu(II) acetate was fabricated to detect HD analogues and can serve as the optical sensor based on metal-ligand charge-transfer mechanism. 

R. M. Black, K. Brewster, R. J. Clarke, J. L. Hambrook, J. M. Harrison, D. J. Howells, Biological Fate of Sulphur Mustard, l,l -Thiobis(2-chloroethane) Isolation and Identification of Urinary Metabolites Following Intraperitoneal Administration to Rats , Xenobiotica 1992, 22, 405 - 418. 

Synonyms Sulfur mustard bis-2-chloroethyl sulfide di-2-chloroethyl sulfide l,l-thiobis(2-chloroethane) chemical agent symbol HD... 

R.M. Black and R.W, Read, Biological fate of sulfur mustard, l,l-thiobis(2-chloroethane) identification of 3-lyase metabolites and hydrolysis products in human urine, Xenobiotica, 25, 167-173 (1995). 

J.L. Hambrook, J.M. Harrison, D.J. Howells and C. Schock, Biological fate of sulfur mustard (l,l -thiobis(2-chloroethane)) urinary and faecal excretion of 35S by rat after injection or cutaneous application of 35S-labelled sulfur mustard, Xenobiotica, 22, 65-75 (1992). 

Hambrook, J.L., Howells, D.J., Schock, C. (1993). Biological fate of sulphur mustard (l,l -thiobis(2-chloroethane)) uptake, distribution and retention of S in skin and blood after cutaneous application of S-sulphur mustard in rat and comparison with human blood in vitro. Xenobiotica 23 537-61. 

Mustard gas is a substance used in chemical warfare. It is the popular name for the compound with the chemical designaticn l,l-thiobis(2-chloroethane) (chemical fonnula C1-CH2-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-C1). Mustard gas has a number of other names by which it has been known over the years, including H, yprite, sulfur mustard and Kampstcff Lost. Because the impure substance is said to have an odor similar to that of mustard, garlic or horseradish, the name mustard gas is most commonly applied. However, in the pure form, mustard gas has neither cdcr nor odor. The gas was used for the first time as an agent of chemical warfare during World War I, when it was distributed with devastating effect near Ypres in Flanders on July 12,1917. 

Biological fate of sulphur mustard, 1,1 -thiobis(2-chloroethane) isolation and identification of urinary metabolites following intraperitoneal administration to rat. Xenobiotica, 22, 405-418. 

S-Yperite Schwefel-lost Senfgas Sulfide, bis(2-ohloroethyl) Sulfur mustard Sulfur mustard gas Sulphur mustard Sulphur mustard gas 1,1 -Thiobis 2-chloroethane) UN 2927 Yellow cross liquid Yellow Cross Gas Yperite. Used as a military poison gas. Inactivated by sodium or calcium hypochlorite. Gas mpn 13-14° bp = 216°, bpio = 98° d - 1.2741 LDso (rat iv) = 3.3 mg/kg. 

Structure CI-CH2-CH2-S-CH2-CH2-Cl Synonyms bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide 2,2 -di-chlorodiethyl sulfide /6, /1-dichloroethyl sulfide l,l-thiobis(2-chloroethane) 1-chlo-ro-2-(/6-chloroethylthio)ethane yperite HD... 

Under 505-60-2, you see the chemical name "l,l-Thiobis[2-chloroethane], TO-03220." The DOC is organized alphabetically by preferred chemical name, which in this case is not the trivial name "mustard gas." The entry TO-03220 is found in Volume 6. As in the Merck Index, DOC entries usually provide synonyms, basic chemical and physical data, and literature references to background information on preparation, toxicology, spectra, etc. (In the case of mustard gas, however, note that the DOC does not refer to Meyer s original synthesis.)... 

Figure 1.6. The structural formula of mustard gas, 1,1-thiobis(2-chloroethane).

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