Chlorobenzene solubility parameter

Fig. 13. Effect of the solvent solubility parameter 8 on the linear coefficient of thermal expansion 3 (1) and modulus of elasticity E (2) of films of linear SBS thermoelastoplastics with 28.3% PS obtained from solutions. The solvent is indicated on the abscissa axis I — n-heptane, II — tetra-hydrofurane, III — benzene, IV — chlorobenzene 119)...

FIGURE 3 The dependences of macromolecular coil fractal dimension on polymer and solvent solubility parameters difference A5 for copolymers SAN-MMA. The solvents 1— toluene, 2—ethyl benzene, 3— benzene, 4—chlorobenzene, 5—chloroform, 6—tetrahydrofuran, 7—pyridine, 8—methyl ethyl ketone, 9-1,4-dioxane, 10—N, N-dimethylformamide. The same conventional signs are used in Figs. 4-11. 

An understanding of the solubility of polysulfones is important for applications in which the polymer must be dissolved, such as in coatings and membrane applications. Solubility of the three commercial polysulfones follows the order PSF > PES > PPSE All three polysulfones can be dissolved in a small number of highly polar solvents to form stable solutions at room temperature. NMP, DMAc, pyridine, and aniline are suitable solvents for polysulfones. Also 1,1,2-trichlorethane and 1,1,2,2-tetrachloroethane are suitable but are unattractive for health reasons. Because of the lower solubility parameter of PSF, it can also be dissolved in several less polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF), 1,4-dioxane, chloroform, dichloromethane, and chlorobenzene. Solvent choices for PES and PPSF are fewer because these polymers have a propensity to undergo solvent-induced crystallization in many solvents. 

The activity of polymer-supported crown ethers depends on solvent. As shown in Fig. 11, rates for Br-I exchange reactions with catalysts 34 and 41 increased with a change in solvent from toluene to chlorobenzene. Since the reaction with catalyst 34 is limited substantially by intrinsic reactivity (Fig. 10), the rate increase must be due to an increase in intrinsic reactivity. The reaction with catalyst 41 is limited by both intrinsic reactivity and intraparticle diffusion (Fig. 10), and the rate increase from toluene to chlorobenzene corresponds with increases in both parameters. Solvent effects on rates with polymer-supported phase transfer catalysts differ from those with soluble phase transfer catalysts60. With the soluble catalysts rates increase (for a limited number of reactions) with decreased polarity of solvent60), while with the polymeric catalysts rates increase with increased polarity of solvent74). Solvents swell polymer-supported catalysts and influence the microenvironment of active sites as well as intraparticle diffusion. The microenvironment, especially hydration... 

Kaiser, K.L.E., Dixon, D.G., Hodson, PV. (1984) QSAR studies on chlorophenols, chlorobenzenes and para-substituted phenols. In QSAR in Environmental Toxicology. Kaiser, K. L. E., Ed., pp. 189-206, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, The Netherlands. Kamlet, M.J., Doherty, R.M., Carr, P.W., Mackay, D., Abraham, M.H., Taft, R.W. (1988) Linear solvation energy relationship. 44. Parameter estimation rules that allow accurate prediction of octanol/water partition coefficients and other solubility and toxicity properties of polychlorinated biphenyls and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Environ. Sci. Technol. 22, 503-509. Kanazawa, J. (1981) Measurement of the bioconcentration factors of pesticides by fresh-water fish and their correlation with physicochemical properties of acute toxicities. Pest. Sci. 12, 417-424. 

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