Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

Table 1 Concentrations of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (CIPAHs), polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), and polybrominated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PBDD/Fs) in ambient air, soil, and human samples collected from e-waste recycling and reference sites in China... 

U. L. Nilsson, C. E. Ostman, Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons Method of analysis and their occurrence in urban air. Environ. Sci. Technol, 27 (1993), 1826-1831. 

Johnsen, S. and I. S. Gribbestad. 1988. Influence of humic substances on the formation of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons during chlorination of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon polluted water. Environ. Sci. Technol. 22 978-981. 

This algorithm is schematically presented in Fig. 1. It will be detailed in the next sections by reviewing the basic conceptual and computational concepts invoked here and then illustrated by modeling chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAHs) (Ml various species (Pimephales promelas and Rattus norvegicus). 

ClPAHs may be toxic to humans, and they have an equally important impact on the environment because several ClPAHs have also been found to exhibit mutagenic activity in Salmonella typhimurium in the Ames assay [229], To comprehensively estimate reactivity-activity for representative ClPAHs (see Fig. 6) on human and environmental species, Table 5 presents the ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (EROD) activities for binding substrates of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (ClPAHs) with aryl hydrocarbon receptors (AhRs) in the cytochrome... 

Table 5 Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (CIPAH) activity expressed as (a) EROD (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase) activity as the relative intensity of ClPAH-mduced cytochrome P450 (CYP) activity in human breast cancer MCF-7 cells [228] (b) environmental fate [Bioaccumulation aquatic] in Pimephales promelas over 96 h [10 L/kg wet] (c) ecotoxicological information [Aquatic Toxicity] LC50 for Pimephales promelas after 96 h [10 mg/L] and (d) carcinogenity in rats, TD50 [10 mol/kg]...

Kitazawa, A., Amagai, T., Ohura, T., 2006. Temporal trends and relationships of particulate chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and their parent compoimds in urban air. Environ Sci Technol 40,4592-4598. 

Nilsson, U.L., Ostman, C.E., 1993. Chlorinated Polycyclic Aromatic-Hydrocarbons -Method of Analysis and Their Occurrence in Urban Air. Environ Sci Technol 27, 1826-1831. 

Ohura, T., Morita, M., Kuruto-Niwa, R., Amagai, T., Sakakibara, H., Shimoi, K, 2010. Differential Action of Chlorinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons on Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-Mediated Signaling in Breast Cancer Cells. Environ Toxicol 25,180-187. 

Hannam ML, Bamber SD, Galloway TS, Moody AJ, Jones MB (2010) Effects of the model PAH phenanthiene on immune function and oxidative stress in the haemolymph of the temperate scallop Pecten maximus. Chemospheie 78 779-784 Hoarau P, Damiens G, Romeo M, Gnassia-Baielli M, Bebianno MJ (2006) Cloning tmd expression of a GST-pi gene in Mytilus galloprovincitdis attempt to use the GST-pi transcript as a biomarker of pollution. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 143 196-203 Horii Y, Ohura T, Yamashita N, Kannan K (2009) Chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in sediments from industrial areas in Japan and the United States. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 57 651-660... 

Chlorinate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons A New Class OF Environmental Toxin ... 

Ohura, T. (2007) Environmental behavior, sources, and effects of chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ScientificWorldJournal. 7,372-380. 

Ohura, T. Fujima, S. Amagai, T. Shinomiya, M. (2008) Chlorinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Atmosphere Seasonal Levels, Gas-Particle Partitioning, and Origin. Environ. Sci. Technol. 42, 3296-3302. 

Ohma, T. Kitazawa, A. Amagai, T. Shinimiya, M. (2007) Relationships between chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and dioxins in urban air and incinerators. Orgcmohalogen Compd. 69, 2902-2905. 

Within this context, the present work unfold how the read-across prediction for target molecules may be unfolded by using the recent launched ToolBox Software delivered by OECD, with application to the challenging chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAHs) paradigmatic structures at inter-species level of Pymephales promelas and Rattus Norvegicus. 

TABLE 3.63 The Chlorinated Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (CIPAH) Activities As Bioaccumulation Aquatic, Aquatic Toxicity, and Carcinogenity On Rats (Putz et al., 2012) While the EROD (ethoxyresorufm-O-deethylase) Activity Is Taken From Literature As the Relative Intensity of CIPAH-Induced Cytochrome P450 (CYP) Activity In Human Breast Cancer MCF-7 Cells (Ohura et al., 2010)... 

Putz, M. V, Tudoran, M. A., Putz, A. M. (2012). Modeling chlorinated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (Cl-PAH) eco- and toxico-logy by QSAR-OECD ToolBox facility. Int. J. Chem. Model. 4(4), 533-543. 

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