Chitosan functionalization

Kurita, K. (2006). Chitin and chitosan Functional biopolymers from marine crustaceans. Mar. Biotechnol. 8,203-226. 

Shepherd, R., Reader, S., and Falshow, A. 1997. Chitosan functional properties. Glycoconjugate J. 

Montmorillonite, silicate, aluminosilicate, titanosilicate, calcium phosphate, zirconium phosphate, metal oxides, and heteropolyacids composites with Nation exhibit in general a modest barrier effect to methanol permeation (F, > 0.1), with a couple of exceptions aCloisite lOA composite [62] with 0.013 < F, < 0.065, and a chitosan-functionalized montmorillonite composite [71] with 0.028 < F < 0.050, in both cases for clay contents between 1 and 10 wt%. 

Further reactions and uses of the chitosan-functionalized silica aerogels are being explored. Hopefully, they will continue to provide fascinating results. 

Bhattacharya D, Das M, Mishra D, Banerjee I, Sahu SK, Maiti TK, PramanikP (2011) Folate receptor targeted, carhoxymethyl chitosan functionalized iron oxide nanoparticles a novel ultradispersed nanoconjugates for bimodal imaging. Nanoscale 3 1653-1662... 

Sciacca B, Secret E, Pace S, Gonzalez P, Geobaldo F, Quignard F, Cunin F (2011) Chitosan-functionalized porous silicon optical transducer for the detection of carboxylic acid-containing drugs in water. J Mater Chem 21 2294... 

Chitin and chitosan have been used as materials in wound healing and tissue engineering due to their benehcial skin repair properties. However, despite the faet that these polysaccharides appear to be efficient to a different extent in the tissue repair process, the currently marketed products exploit only the intrinsic properties of the biopolymers without further upgrading them with active functions to react at molecular level with wound pathogens. Numerous reports dealing with chitin/ chitosan functionalization at laboratory scale exist and are summarized below. 

Major chitosan functionalization could be carried out by (1) substitution, introducing small functional groups to the chitosan backbone, and (2) depolymerization by chemical, physical or enzymatic treatments. Moreover, further chemical modifications of the functionalized chitosans can be performed in order to extend the range of their applications [47]. 

K. Kurita, Chitin and chitosan functional biopolymers from marine crustaceans. Marine Biotechnology, 8 (3), 203-226, 2006. 

Divya Chauhan and Nalini Sankararamakrishnan (2008). Highly enhanced adsorption for decontamination of lead ions from battery wastewaters using chitosan functionalized with xanthate. Bioresource Technology 99, 9021-9024. 

Cui, Z., Li, C.M. Jiang, S.P. PtRu catalysts supported on heteropolyacid and chitosan functionalized carbon nanotubes for methanol oxidation reaction of fuel-cells. Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 13 (2011), pp. 16,349-16,357. 

Li, M., Wang, Y, Lin, Q., et al., 2013. In situ synthesis and biocompatibility of nano hydroxyapatite on pristine and chitosan functionalized graphene oxide. Journal of Materials Chemistry B... 

Hakim, L Sabarudin, A Oshita, K. Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan functionalized with threonine moiety and its application to on-line collection/concentration and determination of Mo, V and Cu. Talanta, 2008, 74, 977-985. 

---