Tallow Chinese

A number of closely related linear allenes have also been isolated from seed oils (Scheme 18.8). Examples are laballenic acid (18) [27], lamenallenic acid (19) [28] and phlomic acid (20) [29]. The hydroxy acid 21 was isolated as part of a triglyceride from the Chinese tallow tree Sapium sebiferum [30] and as its methyl ester 22 from the related species Sapium japonicum [31], which is found in Japan. 

Sapium sebiferum (L.) Roxb. S. discolor Mueller-Arg. Wu Jiu Shan Jiu (Chinese tallow tree, Chinese vegetable tallow) (Leaf, root bark) Xanthoxylin, corilagin, sebiferic acid, lauric acid, margaric acid, palmitic acid.33-50 Antihypertensive activity, for constipation, poisoning, skin diseases. 

The most popular types of crops from which vegetable oils can be extracted include soybeans, sunflowers, peanuts, rapeseed, and Chinese tallow trees. Dozens of candidate plants can yield significant oil yields per acre [1.30]. 

Adapted from Lipinsky et al. (1984). Growth is under dry-land conditions except for cotton, which is irrigated. The yield for the Chinese tallow tree is one reported yield equivalent to 6270 L/ha of oil plus tallow and is not an average yield from several sources. It is believed that the yield would be substantially less than this in managed dense stands, but still higher than that of conventional oilseed crops. 

Bruce, K., Cameron, G., and Harcombe, P. (1995). Initiation of a new woodland type on the Texas coastal prairie by the Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sehiferum (1) Roxb). Bull. Torn Bot. Club 122, 215-225. 

The Chinese tallow tree, a deciduous tree, has been cultivated in China for centuries partly because the leaves yield a black dye used for dyeing silk. The tree grows to a height of 7-10 m under wet subtropical conditions and is found in China, USA and Pakistan. Recent studies suggest that with proper harvesting techniques it could provide an oil yield per hectare similar to the oil palm (Morgan and Shultz, 1981). 

With the aid of adsorption TLC, it has been discovered that the seed oil of the Chinese tallow tree (Sapium sebiferum) contains up to about 25% of a fraction only a little more polar than normal triglycerides. These compounds have been characterised as mono-estolide triglycerides, i. e. (mono)hydroxy-triglycerides, esterified with ordinary fatty acids [192]. The following types of estolide-triglyceride have been... 

Figure 4 Chinese tallow, headspace extract, an extremely complex mixture. The part in the frame is enlarged in Fig 5. Retention time is indicated in minutes.

Figure 5 Chinese tallow, enlarged portion with several single-ion traces (from 6 to 12 min).

Figure 6 (a) Chinese tallow, AMDIS [16] deconvolution of complex mixed peaks. Upper part, part of the chromatogram with some single ion traces middle part, deconvolution of two mixed peaks lower part, mass spectrum of the mixed peak, (b) Deconvoluted isolated mass spectra of -pinene and 4-ethyl-methylbenzene from (a) with reference spectra from the libraries. 

Chinese tallow Crambe oil Crepsis foetida oil Croton oil Cuphea oil Jojoba oil Lesquerella seed oil Linseed oil Meadowfoam oil Neatsfoot oil Oitica oil Rapeseed ... 

Chinese Tallow Chinesischer Talgbaum Chitin and Chitosan Chitin und Chitosan Cholesterol Cholesterin, Cholesterol Citral Citral... 

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