Chernobyl, Ukraine

It has been suggested that cesium may be useflil in the fixation of radioactive waste in a cesium-based glass and in detoxification procedures for fugitive Cs emissions, such as at Chernobyl, Ukraine. 

The accident at the Chernobyl, Ukraine, nuclear reactor on April 26, 1986, contaminated much of the northern hemisphere, especially Europe, by releasing large amounts of radiocesium-137 and other radionuclides into the environment. In the immediate vicinity of Chernobyl at least 30 people died, more than 115,000 others were evacuated, and the consumption of locally produced milk and other foods was banned because of radiocontamination. The most sensitive local ecosystems were the soil fauna and pine forest communities. Elsewhere, fallout from Chernobyl measurably contaminated freshwater, marine, and terrestrial ecosystems, including flesh and milk of domestic livestock. Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) calves in Norway showed an increasing frequency of chromosomal aberrations that seemed to correlate with cesium-137 tissue concentrations tissue concentrations, in turn, were related to cesium-137 in lichens, an efficient absorber of airborne particles containing radiocesium and the main food source of reindeer during winter. A pattern similar to that of reindeer was documented in moose (Alces) in Scandinavia. 

Dushenkov, S., Mikheev, A., Prokhnevsky, A., Ruchko, M., and Sorochinsky, B., 1999, Phytoremediation of radiocaesium-contaminated soil in the vicinity of Chernobyl, Ukraine. Environ. Sci. Technol. 33 469-475. 

Several accidents in nuclear facilities have been extensively analyzed and reported. The three most widely publicized accidents were at Windscale (now known as Sellafield), United Kingdom, in 1957 Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, in 1979 and Chernobyl, Ukraine, in 1986 (UNSCEAR 1988 Severn and Bar 1991 Eisler 1995). From the accident at Windscale about 750 trillion (T)Bq 22 TBq Cs, 3 TBq Sr, and 0.33 TBq °Sr were released and twice the amount of noble gases that were released at Chernobyl, but 2000 times less and Cs. From the Three Mile Island accident, about 2% as much noble gases and 50,000 times less than from the Chernobyl accident were released. The most abundant released radionuclides at Three Mile Island were Xe, Xe, and but the collective dose equivalent to the population during the first post-accident days was <1% of the dose accumulated from natural background radiation in a year. 

In 1986, a meltdown occurred at this nuclear power plant in Chernobyl, Ukraine. Because there was no containment building, large amounts of radioactive material were released into the environment. Three people died outright, and dozens more died from radiation sickness within a few weeks. Thousands who were exposed to high levels of radiation stand an increased risk of cancer. Today, 10,000 square kilometers of land remain contaminated with high levels of radiation. 

The radioactive isotope cesium-137 was produced in large amounts in fallout from the 1985 nuclear power-plant disaster at Chernobyl, Ukraine. Write the symbol for this isotope in standard format. 

Accidents with nuclear reactors or nuclear bombs can expose large numbers of people to several decay products of uranium, and iodine isotopes are among the most abundant compounds released in such reactions. It is therefore logical to use salts of stable isotopes of iodine to prevent the accumulation of radioiodine in a person or population at risk of such exposure. The accidents in Windscale (UK), Three Mile Island (USA), and particularly Chernobyl (Ukraine) drew attention to such problems. The major question is therefore whether the potential adverse effects of stable iodine when given indiscriminately to large... 

Ukraine s Chernobyl Nuclear Plant, wearing protective clothing, from International Mobile Radiological Laboratories, near Chernobyl, Ukraine, photograph. Reuters NewsMedia Inc./Corbis. Reproduced by permission p. 60 Radon test kit and carbon monoxide detector, photograph by Robert J. Huffman. 

Phillips, Sarah Drue. 2002. Half-lives and Healthy Bodies Discourses on Contaminated Food and Healing in Post-Chernobyl Ukraine. Food and Foodways 10 27-53. 

On April 26, 1986 at Chernobyl, Ukraine, a nuclear reaction went wrong and resulted in the explosion of one of the reactors in a nuclear power plant. These reactors were constructed without containment shells. The release of radioactive material covered hundreds of thousands of square kilometers. More than 3 million people in the surrounding suburbs suffered from this disaster. While 36 people died in the accident itself, the overall death toll has been estimated at 10,000. 

Since the nuclear accidents at the Three Mile Island power plant in the U.S. in 1979, and the near meltdown at Chernobyl, Ukraine in 1986 (cf. Stone 1996 Bradley et al. 1996), the value of uranium... 

Nuclear power plant accidents at Three Mile Island, Pennsylvania, and Chernobyl, Ukraine, focus world attention on the dangers associated with nuclear power. 

The explosion of the number four reactor at Chernobyl (Ukraine) on April 26,1986, was the greatest peacetime industrial disaster of all time. In addition to massive radioactive contamination in the vicinity of the reactor... 

Concentrations and dose rate estimates of Cesium and Strontium in small mammals at Chernobyl, Ukraine. Environ. Toxicol. Ghent. 19, 305-312. 

Nuclear fission provides about 20% of the electricity generated within the UK. Economic womies about the decommissioning of old nuclear stations, and major accidents in Windscale UK (1957), Three Mile Island USA (1979) and Chernobyl Ukraine (1986) have caused many people to question whether or not more nuclear plants should be built. This is a photograph of the fourth reactor at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant where an explosion resulted in the world s worst nuclear accident. 

The partial meltdown of the 1000 MW reactor at Chernobyl, Ukraine, on April 26, 1986 released large amounts of radiocesium and other radionuclides into the environment (Table 27.3), causing widespread radioactive contamination of Europe and the former Soviet Union. Among the reactors operating in the former Soviet Union are 13 identical to the one in Chernobyl, Ukraine, including units in Chernobyl, Leningrad, Kursk, and Smolensk. 

Fission products were also used by Picciotto and Wilgain (1963) as a reference for measuring snow accumulations in Antarctica. Additional fission products were deposited in Antarctica after the accidental explosion of a nuclear reactor in Chernobyl, Ukraine, on April 26 of 1986 (Faure et al. 1997). 

Chernobyl, Ukraine (1986)—fire and radiation release— immediately killing 31... 

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