Chemistry first textbook

One of the defining features of a new discipline is the publication of textbooks setting out its essentials. In Section 2.1.1, devoted to the emergence of physical chemistry, I pointed out that the first textbook of physical chemistry was not published until 1940, more than half a century after the foundation of the field. Materials science has been better served. In what follows, I propose to omit entirely all textbooks devoted to straight physical metallurgy, of which there have been dozens, say little about straight physics texts, and focus on genuine MSE texts. 

Fifield, F. W. and Kealey, D., Principles and Practices of Analytical Chemistry, International Textbook Company, Edgeware, UK, 1975. A trusted work-horse of a text. It is showing its age a bit now, but is an excellent first look at analytical chemistry. Its compare and contrast style of potentiometric and voltammetric analyses is widely copied, it seems. 

In 1960 Kochetkov was elected Correspondent Member of the Academy of Sciences. In 1965 he became the coordinator of an international program on the development of carbohydrate chemistry in countries of Eastern Europe, which continued for the next twenty two years. While in the IKhPS, he became a member of the editorial boards of Carbohydrate Research, Advances in Heterocyclic Chemistry, and a number of national journals. In 1961, in collaboration with Professors Igor Torgov and Maria Botvinik, specialists in steroid and protein chemistry, Kochetkov wrote Chemistry of Natural Compounds, one of the first textbooks in this field in the country. 

Dr. Rolison is a member of the American Chemical Society, AAAS, the International Zeolite Association, the Materials Research Society, and the Society for Electroanalytical Chemistry (SEAC). She wrote Ultramicroelectrodes, the first textbook in this very active research area of electrochemistry, with Martin Fleischmann, Stanley Pons, and Peter Schmidt. She and Henry White guest-edited an issue of Langmuir devoted to the electrochemistry of nanostructured materials (February 1999). Dr. Rolison was a member of the Advisory Board for Analytical Chemistry and is a current member of the editorial boards of the Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Langmuir. She is a member of the Board of Directors for the SEAC and has served since 1997 as editor of the society s newsletter, SEAC Communications. 

CMOA then involved about 40 academics, half of them originating from 10 different countries, especially the USA. There Daudel, Lefebvre and Moser had become known through one of the first textbooks in Quantum Chemistry that was widely used in American universities. CMOA was at that time structured in four main teams ... 

Considering first textbooks and manuals, Marsden has recently remarked that, For one reason or another there seems to be fewer books written on dairying than on many other subjects of similar size and importance. This is probably fortunate for the dairy scientist since the quality of many modern textbooks in other subjects is not very high (21). Which statement is to some degree confirmed by a resolution passed in June, 1951, by the manufacturing section of The American Dairy Science Association, the first part of which reads Whereas there is an apparent and urgent need for a new and up-to-date book on the chemistry of milk (18). With this last statement there can be but little disagreement. 

Molecular magnetism has emerged as a novel field of research over the last two decades. This field concerns the chemistry and the physics of open-shell molecules and molecular assemblies containing open-shell units. The first textbook devoted entirely to this subject was published in 1993 1). In 1975, the main facets of molecular magnetism may be summarized as follows ... 

In contrast to established scientific disciplines, such as physics and chemistry, whose roots reach back several centuries, the field of quantum chemistry is a relative newcomer. When, in 1937, the very first textbook bearing this name in its title was published [2], its author, Hans Hellmann, who was later executed by Stalin s henchmen, wrote in the preface Quantum Chemistry is a young science that came into existence only a decade ago [3]. Yet, already at that time, the author was compelled to limit the relevant material, lest the size of the book—comprising well over 300 pages— turn out to be excessive [3]. 

Analytical chemistry began in the late eighteenth century with the work of French chemist Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier and others the discipline was further developed in the nineteenth century by Carl Fresenius and Karl Friedrich Mohr. As a pharmacist s apprentice in Frankfurt, Germany, Fresenius developed an extensive qualitative analysis scheme that, when it was later published, served as the first textbook of analytical chemistry. He built a laboratory at his house that opened in 1848. Here he trained students in gravimetric techniques that he had developed. Mohr developed laboratory devices such as the pinch clamp burette and the volumetric pipette. He also devised a colorimetric endpoint for silver titrations. It was his 1855 book on titrimetry, Lehrhuch der Chemisch-Analytischen Titromethode, that generated widespread interest in the technique. 

FIGURE 328. Joel H. Hildebrand (1881-1983) became a faculty member under Gilbert N- Lewis at the University of California, Berkeley in 1913. In his influential Prin" ciples of Chemistry, first published in 1918, Hildebrand was the first to use the 1916 Lewis structures in a textbook (figures from Lewis 1923 book are shown here). Hildebrand s seventh and final edition was published in 1964, and his last chemistry paper was published during the year of his hundredth birthday. 

A Manual of Inorganic Chemistry, written by Francis H. Storer and Charles W. Eliot in the 1860s, was the first textbook of its kind to be published in English (Davis, 1929). The textbook was a standard reference for several decades, and in the preface the authors stated their underlying philosophy that the study of a science of observation ought to develop and discipline the observing faculties and that such a study fails of its true end if it becomes a mere exercise of the memory (as quoted in Davis, p. 876). This philosophy has been the cornerstone of the teaching of chemistry in the American and European university and secondary schools up to the present time. 

In the final quarter of the nineteenth century, Germany was leading the world in the study of the physical changes associated with chemical reactions. The outstanding worker in this field of physical chemistry was the Russian-German chemist Friedrich Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932). It was thanks to him, more than to any other individual, that physical chemistry came to be recognized as a discipline in its own right. By 1887, he had written the first textbook on the subject and founded the first journal to be devoted exclusively to the field. 

L.T. Zhuravlev mentions in historical order Lomonorov, 1723 for his work on properties of natural colloidal solutions, and coagulation and crystallization processes. Lovitz, 1785 Reiss, 1809 Borshchov, 1869 the famous Mendeleev, 1871 Veimam, 1904 author of one of the first textbooks on colloid chemistry Grdroitz, 1908, colloidal soils Zelinsky, proteins. 

Prerequisites Two first-year undergraduate chemistry courses Textbooks/Reading Materials Recommended library readings from various books and journals. 

Yet, 1 am fully aware that this is a somewhat unusual textbook of chemistry. Firstly, not every teacher may feel at ease to use the click or Nirvana words standing in front of the students. But to share my experience with teaching this course for many years, I can tell the prospective teacher that after a single lecture, saying click and/or Nirvana becomes a second nature. And more importantly, the students enjoy this and find it playful and a good device for learning chemistry. 

This is the first textbook of solid state chemistry. The theory of periodic systems (especially semiconductors) is presented in about 230 pages. 

The theorem that forces acting on nuclei result from classical interactions with electron density (computed by a quantum mechanical method) was first proved ty Hans Gustav Adolf Hellmann in the world s first textbook of quantum chemistry Einflihning... 

The year 1887 is conveniently regarded as the year of birth of physical chemistry, by which is meant that the subject was then first recognized as a separate branch of chemistry. It was in that year that the first journal of physical chemistry, the Zeitschrift fUr physikalische Chemie. was founded, and that Wilhelm Ostwald (1853-1932) published the second and final volume of his Lehrbuch der allgemeinen Chemie, the first textbook of physical chemistry. In that same year Ostwald was appointed professor of physical chemistry at Leipzig, and Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927) published his famous theory of electrolytic dissociation. 

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