Chemistry factor

Special water chemistry factors, such as managing high levels of Ca, Mg, SO4, PO4, Si02, Fe, Mn, and A1... 

Alpha (a)—(Separation or chemistry factor). A measure of separation between two peak maxima. Ratio of their k values. 

Separation Factor (a)—A measure of peak separation between peaks. Product of dividing one peak k by the other. Also called the chemistry factor because it is controlled by changes in the chemistry of the column, mobile phase, and the sample. 

The inherent limitations of the Jaffe method for determination of creatinine have been discussed in section Assessment of Renal Injury by Serum Chemistry . Factors which result in reduced excretion of creatinine without acute tubular injury (e.g., chronic renal disease in aged animals with pronounced loss of nephron mass, prerenal reduction of GFR) will also result in reduced urine creatinine and falsely elevated enzyme activity when normalized to creatinine (Price 1982, Plummer et al. 1986, Casadevall et al. 1995). 

The selectivity a, also known as the relative retention, the separation factor, or chemistry factor, of a chromatographic column is a function of thermodynamic of the mass-transfer process and can be measured in terms of the relative separation of the peaks ... 

Among the characteristics of the adsorbent are its pore texture, surface chemistry, and mineral matter content. The characteristics of the adsorptive are its molecular size, solubility, polarity, pIC, (for electrolytes), and nature of the substituents if it is aromatic. Finally, the solution chemistry factors are the pH and the ionic strength [5]. I shall focus in this section only on the role of the characteristics of the adsorbent, especially its carbon surface chemistry, on the adsorption processes, because although its importance has long been recognized [6, 7], the exact nature of this importance has often been controversial and misunderstood [1]. 

Crystal-Chemistry Factors Affecting Cationic Conductivity 233... 

The purpose of this paper is to present data on the environmental behavior of selected actinide elements. Environmental chemistry factors that influence the mobility of these elements are discussed. Some of the variability of data on the uptake of actinide elements by plants is explained. The behavior of manmade actinides in a representative aquatic environment is also discussed. Except for general comparisons, exposure of man by the inhalation pathway is not considered in this paper, even though higher exposures are routinely calculated for this pathway relative to the ingestion pathway. 

Part 2 presents 26 monographs of Tc pharmaceuticals, concerning the preparation and safe clinical application. Each monograph provides information on the characteristics of the radiotracer based on chemistry, factors affecting the preparation and in vivo stability, pharmacokinetics and elimination properties, as well as details concerning the clinical application. For each clinical procedure, the effective radiation dose of the patient has been calculated. Methods recommended for quality control and actual results are included. 

The paper machine and system chemistry factors which can affect the retention and drainage aid performance are discussed along with some troubleshooting guidelines and examples. 

The trend curve was pieced together by P.N. Randall of the NRC using evaluations and analyses performed by others. The Revision 2 trend equation uses CF values that are tabulated chemistry factors (in UK units) for welds and base metals based on Cu and Ni content (wt%), and FF is a more complex fluence function (f is again expressed as lO n/cm, E>lMeV) ... 

Fc is the chemistry factor (compositions in weight %) Ft is the temperature factor... 

Fcr is the temperature effect chemistry factor Tin- is the irradiation temperature (°C)... 

The chemistry factor, Fc, considers the effect of Ni, Mn, P, Cu, C and Si. For an average chemical composition of low-Cu materials examined, the effects of P and Ni dominate in Fc and the effects of Cu and Mn follow as shown in Fig. 11.10. This general effect of chemical composition is consistent with the other correlation equations. The temperature factor, Fp, further consists of terms for Ni and temperature. 

The value of the chemistry factor does not depend explicitly on composition. However, Kryukov et al. have shown that this expression is non-conservative for high-Ni WWER-1000 materials. 

It should also be noted that there is one more key idea about the adjustment of the predictions. For apphcation to operating power reactors, the predicted values need to be adjusted to reproduce the measured surveillance data. In such equations as Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2 or JEAC4201-1991, adjustment of a chemistry factor is an easy and practical way, but such adjustment is not applicable to this kind of comphcated correlation method like JEAC 4201-2007. What Soneda et al. proposed was... 

In practice, however, this is not possible because of the wide range of factors that can affect demulsifier performance. Aside from demulsifier chemistry, factors such as oil type, the presence and wettability of solids, oil viscosity, and the size distribution of the dispersed water phase can all influence demulsifier effectiveness. As a result, demulsifier selection for a... 

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