Chemiluminescence monocyte

Okabe, N., Kuriowa, A., Fujita, K., Shibuya, T., Yao, T. and Okumura, M. (1986). Immunolt cal studies on Crohn s disease. (vi) Increased chemiluminescent response of peripheral blood monocytes. J. Clin. Lab. Immunol. 21, 11-15. 

K. Cantell. 1995. Inhaled recombinant interferon gamma in patients with lung cancer pharmacokinetics and effects on chemiluminescence responses of alveolar macrophages and peripheral blood neutrophils and monocytes. Int. 

Dietary n-3 fatty acid supplementation reduces superoxide production and chemiluminescence in a monocyte-enriched preparation of leukocytes. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 51, 804—808. 

J2. Johnston, R. B., Jr., Lehmeyer, J. E., and Guthrie, L. A., Generation of superoxide anion and chemiluminescence by human monocytes during phagocytosis and on contact with surface-bound immunoglobulin G. J. Exp. Med. 143, 1551-1556 (1976). 

N6. Nishida, A., Kimura, H., Nakano, M., and Goto, T., A sensitive and specific chemiluminescence method for estimating the ability of human granulocytes and monocytes to generate Of. Clin. Chim. Acta 179, 177-182 (1989). 

Studies on phagocyte activity after in vitro exposure to ELF showed that they can affect monocyte NO production" or induce PMN morphologic changes and A2A receptor expression. Few data are available about the effects of ELF on PMN activity in exposed workers. In this study we evaluated the consequences of chronic exposition to ELF on PMNs, measuring their resting and stimulated chemiluminescence (CL) activity. 

De Sole P, Fresu R, Frigieri L, Pagliari G, De Simone C, Guerriero C. Effect of adherence to plastic on pheripheral blood monocyte and alveolar macrophage chemiluminescence. J Biolumin Chemilumin 1993 8 153-8. 

Similarly, L-arginine may provide some protection against graft atherosclerosis in heart transplant recipients via -NO-mediated inhibition of intimal cell proliferation (Drexler et al., 1994) and may attenuate the adhesion of monocytes to the EC surface in a dietary model of experimental atherosclerosis (Tsao et al., 1994). In contrast, other data suggest that NO production is actually enhanced in hypercholesterolemic vessels (Minor et al., 1990). Using chemiluminescent techniques. Minor et al. (1990) showed that the basal release of -NO and its metabolites was increased in the aortas of hypercholesterolemic rabbits. This implies that impaired relaxation responses are due to the rapid reaction of NO with other target molecules. 

Our experience in measuring ohemiliminescent events by peripheral blood monocytes stimulated with phagocytizable particles has shown that consistent and precise data can be acquired if technical aspects are given special attention. The failure to acclimate monocytes to the media and to the dark, and the presence of phenol red in the media will result in suboptimal results. The suspension of cells in gelatin and the addition of luminol to amplify the response are unnecessary. Glass vials hare lower background chemiluminescence and provide more consistent data than that obtained with plastic vials. 

Teaks in chemiluminescence by monocytes are noted at two times following exposure to phagocytizc le particles the first is within 5 seconds the second, of greater magnitude, occurs between 45 and 60 minutes. Data indicate that in preparations of monocytes and lymphocytes, monocytes are responsible for both peaks. 

FIGURE 1. Effect of various doses of zymosan on monocyte chemiluminescence. Each -point is the mean of triplicate samples, A = PBMC 6x10 /vial, %= 25 pi, (j = 5(9 pi, A = 100 pi, = 200 pi 0 = 400 pi opsonized zymosan/5x10 PBMC... 

The oxygen burst of monocytes induced by ambient air particles (with the exception of oil fly ash particles) was less than the response elicited by polymorphonuclear leucocytes (Prahalad etal. 1999). The luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence response of polymorphonuclear leucocytes separated from heparinised human blood was generally increased with all washed particles, with oil fly ash and one urban air particle showing statistically significant (P <0.05) differences between dHjO-washed and unwashed particles. The luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence activity in polymorphonuclear leucocytes induced in post particles... 

In monocytes, luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence is an entirely extracellular event requiring both the release of myeloperoxidase and the generation of superoxide (Albrecht and Jungi 1992). 

The enhanced production of superoxide ion (02 ) and peroxynitrite (ONOO") by bloodstream neutrophils and superoxide ion by monocytes from rheumatoid arthritis patents was registered by luminol- or lucigenin-enhanced chemiluminescent measurement (Ostrakhovitch and Afanas ev 2001). Superoxide dismutase (EC 1.15.1.1) and rutin were the most efficient suppressors of oxygen radical overproduction by rheumatoid arthritis neutrophils, while mannitol and desferrioxamine were ineffective. 

The chemiluminescence test can also be performed routinely with monocytes or liver Kupffer cells. 

---