Chemically modified derivatives

P.Y.13 and its chemically modified derivatives, due to their higher solvent fastness compared to P.Y.12, are used in much greater volume in packaging gravure inks. P.Y.13 is also fast to protective clear lacquer overcoatings and may be sterilized and calandered. 

Palmitoyl-l-ASPT a chemically modified derivative of the enzyme encapsulated in liposomes, has also been studied in animals [44] and shown to exhibit prolonged half-life (about 10-fold), no acute toxicity, but preservation of in vivo antitumor activity. 

Bry L, Chen PC, Sacks DB. Effects of hemoglobin variants and chemically modified derivatives on... 

The invention of the hypodermic needle and syringe in the middle of the 19th century resulted in the widespread use of morphine, and addiction became a common problem. An early - and false - hope to circumvent the addiction liability of morphine was provided by a most unlikely candidate heroin. This compound, the diacetyl derivative of morphine 5, is a potent opiate narcotic first synthesized in 1874 via acetylation of morphine, and was introduced into medical practice in 1898 as a cough suppressant [10]. Heroin is a semisynthetic drug, i.e., a chemically modified derivative of a natural product, and retains the stereochemistry of mor-... 

Pravastatin and simvastatin are chemically modified derivatives of lovastatin. Atorvastatin, fluvastatin, and rosuvastatin are structurally distinct synthetic compounds. Statins exert their major effect—reduction of LDL levels—through a mevalonic acid-like moiety that competitively inhibits HMG-CoA reductase. By reducing the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, statins inhibit... 

Hyaiuronan (HA) is a linear naturally occurring polyanionic polysaccharide that is ubiquitous in nature and is produced virtually by every tissue in higher organisms and some bacteria (1,2). HA has excellent biocompatibility and is readily catabo-lized and cleared in vivo (3-7). For these reasons, there has been a significant commercial focus on the development of products either from HA or from chemically modified derivatives of HA. 

Apamin was isolated from the venom of honey bee Apis mellifera and chemically modified derivatives of apamin were obtained as described(lO). 

Most of the posters described work with natural cyclodextrins, but increasingly, attention is being focused on chemically-modified derivatives [24,108], especially the methylated cyclodextrins which show great promise in many applications. Several contributors studied cyclodextrin complexation at a fundamental level by many methods including solubility, filtration cell studies, thermal analysis, H, 13c and NMR spectroscopy in solution and in... 

Figure 8 Chemical structures of statins. HMG-CoA analog is highlighted with a dashed circle. Lovastatin and mevastatin are natural statins of fungal origin. Simvastatin and pravastatin are chemically modified derivatives of lovastatin and mevastatin, respectively. Fluvastatin, atorvastatin, cerivastatin (withdrawn from clinical use in 2001), pitavastatin and rosuvastatin are fully synthetic compounds (Schachter, 2005).

The increasing number of articles on polyelectrolytes (PE) reflects the growing scientific and industrial interest in this family of substances [1-5]. Many industries such as food, medicine and pharmaceutical use PE to manufacture products used in everyday life. Initially, a small number of PE were used, and most of them were obtained from industrial processes. However, the most popular was a natural chemical modified derivative, carboxymethyl cellulose, used for the first time in a solid form as support or drug stabilizer. 

Pohl (1968a,b, 1969, 1972a,b) developed a simple method (which was in fact a slow temperature jump method) to follow reversible thermal unfolding of globular proteins. Reversible denaturation of trypsin, chymotrypsin, and chemically modified derivatives (i.e., anthranyloyl chymotrypsin and diisopropyl chymotrypsin) and ribonuclease A were studied. The thermal denaturation was followed for different pH values. From the data obtained for chymotrypsin as well as for trypsin, Pohl (1968a,b) concluded that there was a two-state process. This conclusion was supported by the following arguments ... 

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