Chemical warfare agents resolution

V.M.A. Hakkinen, Analysis of chemical warfare agents in water by solid phase extraction and two-channel capillary gas chromatography, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr., 14, 811-815 (1991). 

X. Chaudot, A. Tambute and M. Caude, Comparison of supercritical fluid extraction with solvent sonication for chemical warfare agent determination in alkyd painted plates, J. High Resolut. Chromatogr., 21, 457-463 (1998). 

Smith, J.R., Schlager, J.J. (1996). Gas chromatographic separation of the stereoisomers of OP chemical warfare agents using cyclodextrin capillary columns. J. High Resolut. Chromatogr. 19 151-4. 

Grassert, F., Stoll, N., Thurow, K., Baudisch, H., 1998. High resolution mass spectrometry for structure elucidation of chemical warfare agents. Proceedings 1. International Symposium on Environmental Technologies. Rostock, pp. 36-37. 

In an alternative approach to the use of DMS as a filter for ESI before a high-end MS, a low-resolution QMS was fitted with a DMS for real-time chemical analysis in the field. The instrument had a mass resolution of 140 with two stages of differential pumping and an electrodynamic ion funnel to transport the ion beam from ambient pressure to the MS. This prototype DMS-MS detected approximately 1 ppb of dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) as a simulent for chemical warfare agents. 

Capillary column GC-MS/MS offers the analyst the potential for highly specific, sensitive detection of chemical warfare agents as this technique significantly reduces the chemical noise associated with complex biological or environmental sample extracts. The specificity of product scanning with moderate sector resolution, as well as the specificity of ammonia Cl, was demonstrated with a hybrid tandem mass spectrometer during analysis of painted panel samples circulated during an international round robin verification exercise. 

Bakhtavar, K., Sedighi, N., Moradi, Z., 2008. Inspiratory and expiratory high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) in patients with chemical warfare agents exposure. Inhal. Toxicol. 20 (5), 507-511. 

Sulfur mustard (SM) is unique among chemical warfare agents because of the large number of reports of its effects in man. The majority of these reports are of its effects after release on the battle field, and give a description of the types of effect and their time course from exposure to resolution of the injury. However, SM is also one of the few chemicals that have been the subject of tests on humans to determine how toxic they are in terms of the doses or dosages that produce toxic effects. Unlike reports of accidental or battlefield exposures, these trials were carried out in chambers under controlled, or at least carefully recorded, conditions, usually with analytical confirmation of chamber concentrations. Many of the reports of these trials, which were elassified at the time they were produced, have now been released into the public record and are available for scientific review. This chapter reviews those reports that are now available to the general public in addition to the work already published. Volunteer trials were carried out in the USA, UK, India and Australia. The reports of these trials that have been released to the public record are held by the Defense Technical Information Service... 

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